THE
COURT
BEGGAR.
Dramatis Personæ.
[Link]
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Sir Andrew MENDICANT,†gg6018
person who lives by begging (OED n. 2)
an old Knight, turned a Projector†gg3780
person who forms a project; one who plans or designs an enterprise or undertaking; a proposer or founder of some venture (OED `project' n, 1a)
. |
Mr. COURT-WIT, a Complimenter*n5610
] complementer
†gg3776
one who employs ceremony or formal courtesy in act or expression (OED `complimenter' & `compliment' vb 1: intrans)
. |
Mr. SWAIN-WIT†gg6019
rustic (OED n. 4)
, a blunt Country Gentleman. |
Mr. CIT-WIT, a Citizen's†gg3777
Londoner with full municipal rights
Son that supposes himself a wit. |
Mr. DAINTY, a supposed Picture-drawer,†gg3778
painter, at this time usually of portraits (OED)
but a Pick-pocket. |
Sir RAPHAEL, an old Knight that talks much and would be thought wise. |
Sir FERDINAND, a Knight distracted†gg2573
maddened, deranged
for love of the Lady Strangelove. |
FREDERICK, in love with Charissa. |
GABRIEL, servant to Mendicant. |
DOCTOR of Physic.†gg3779
medical science (OED n. 4)
|
Three poor PROJECTORS†gg4304
promoters of bogus or unsound business ventures; cheats, swindlers (OED n. 1b)
. |
A BOY. |
A SERVANT. |
A Sow-gelder.†gg2258
someone who makes a living by gelding or spaying sows (OED)
|
Lady STRANGELOVE, a humorous†gg150
moody, whimsical
widow, that loved to be courted. |
PHILOMEL,*n9747
In Greek and Roman classical mythology, Philomel was a maiden maltreated by her brother-in-law, Tereus, husband of her elder sister, Procne. In the version of the story which Ovid gives in Book 6 of his Metamorphoses, Tereus rapes Philomel, cuts out her tongue, rapes her again, imprisons her and tells Procne that her sister is dead. Philomel, however, contrives to communicate the truth by weaving it into a tapestry and sending this message to Procne. Reunited, the sisters punish Tereus by serving him his baby son for supper. On learning of their infanticide and his own cannibalism, Tereus pursues the sisters, but the gods transform them, and him, into birds. The respective species vary from one literary account to another, as do other details of the story of Philomel. Her name means `lover of song' in Greek, and English tradition usually turns her into a nightingale and associates her with violations of female chastity. Shakespeare invokes her story in Titus Andronicus (2.3) for the description of Lavinia immediately after her rape and mutilation; and he makes it bedtime reading for Imogen, the virtuous heroine of Cymbeline (2.2), immediately before Iachimo's intrusion into her bedchamber. Brome, however, requires his Philomel to laugh rather than sing, and he gives her no scruples about her sexuality.
her Chambermaid.†gg3782
lady's maid
|
CHARISSA,*n9865
The heroine shares her name with a figure in Book I of Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene: the daughters of the House of Holiness are Fidelia, Speranza and Charissa -- Faith, Hope and Charity. The word `charity' here translates the Latin word `caritas', which in Christian texts usually designates love, the greatest of virtues. However, the holiness of Charissa's etymological relations should not be over-emphasised: in classical Latin, the word `caritas' designates `costliness' and `affection'. And the English word `charity' carries senses (OED 4 and 5) related to alms-giving, appropriate for the daughter of a beggar, however genteel.
Mendicant's Daughter. |
Prologue.
2Prologue.We’ve cause to fear yours, or the Poet’s frown
For of late days (he knows not how) you’re grown,
Deeply in love with a new strain of wit
Which he condemns, at least disliketh it,
And solemnly protests you are to blame
If at his hands you do expect the same.
He’ll tread his usual way: no gaudy†gg3781
highly ornate, showy (OED `gaudy' adj 2, 3A)
scene
Shall give instructions,†gg3784
an account, a narrative (OED `instruction' 3)
what his plot doth mean.*n8336
Scenes were painted hangings, slides, etc., set at the back and sides of stages for the performance of Jacobean and Caroline masques (OED 6a). In 1638 Sir John Suckling had initiated the use of such scenes for a play -- his own Aglaura. Looking back, John Aubrey acknowledged the novelty: `When his Aglaura was put on. . . . .he had some scaenes to it, which in those dayes were only used at Masques' (Brief Lives, ed. Oliver Lawson Dick [Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1949], 1949, 452). Aglaura was performed by the King's Men at the Blackfriars and then twice at court, to which the use of scenes may have been limited, quite possibly for only the second performance there, in April 1638. If so, then the scenes themselves may have been recycled from the Queen's masque in February of that year. (See John Freehafer, `The Italian Night Piece and Suckling's Aglaura', Journal of English & Germanic Philology, LXVIII.3 [Fall, 1968], 249-265.) However limited the innovation may have been in fact of thatrical history, it evidently offended Brome as a confusion of genres and, worse, a transgression of professional boundaries. Behind the incident and Brome's response, of course, lay an old quarrel between Ben Jonson and Inigo Jones, going back to their collaboration on Hymenaei in 1606, for creative dominance of masques and control of their meanings.
No handsome†gg5445
sizable, considerable, moderately large, good-sized (OED `handsome' a/adv, 4a)
love-toy†gg5447
amorous trifle, at this time usually a printed narrative
shall
your time beguile,†gs1706
wile away (OED v. 5)
Forcing your pity to a sigh or smile,*n8335
The oxymoron of a `handsome love-toy' -- an amorous trifle of considerable dimensions -- refers to the printed text of Sir John Suckling's Aglaura. The alternative responses to which empathy may be forced -- a sigh or smile -- correspond to the two versions of the play. Written and first performed as a tragedy in the winter of 1637/8, a few months later Aglaura was turned into a tragicomedy for its second court performance. The printed text, which includes both endings, may have been printed for presentation -- a sort of proto-programme -- at that revival in April 1638. Presenting a single playtext on 28 leaves, this folio imprint (by John Haviland for Thomas Walkley) was an expensive piece of printing, in which Suckling may have been personally involved. (See L.A.Beaurline's commentary on the transmission of the text in his and T.Clayton's edition of The Works of Sir John Suckling [Oxford: Clarendon, 1971], II.257, and references there cited.) Brome, in a posthumousely printed lampoon `Upon Aglaura in folio' ridiculed the pretentiousness of the imprint with its extravagantly wide margins: `Was ever Chamberlain so mad to dare / To lodge a child in the Great Bed of Ware?' (Musarum Deliciæ: or, The Muses Recreation [London: Henry Herringman, 1655], p. 51 / sig. E2v]).
But a slight piece of mirth; yet such were writ
By our great masters of the stage and wit,
Whom you approved. Let not your suffrage,†gg3783
opinion (OED `suffrage' n, 4)
then,
Condemn’t in him, and praise’t in other men.
’Troth,†gg257
(in) truth
gentlemen, let me advise you, spare
To vex†gs700
To afflict with mental agitation or trouble; to make anxious or depressed; to distress deeply or seriously; to worry with anxiety or thought (OED `vex' v, 3)
the poet full of age and care,
How he might strive to please you and beguile†gs1707
foil, disappoint (OED v. 3)
His humorous†gs701
Moody, peevish, ill-humoured, out of humour (OED humorous a, 3a)
expectation with a smile,
As if you would be satisfied, although
His comedy contains no antic*n5611
] antique, which OED entry gives as 17th-century form for `antic' a & n
show.
Yet you to him your favour may express
As well as unto those whose forwardness†gg3785
Over-readiness, presumptuous self-confidence; hence, lack of becoming modesty, boldness (OED `forwardness' 4)
Makes them your creatures†gg40
one ready to do another's bidding, puppet (through patronage or devotion) (OED 5)
thought,*n9715
thought to be your creatures
who in a way
To purchase fame give money with their play.*n5612
Sir John Suckling was known to have subsidised the 1638 production of his first finished play. According to Aubrey, `when his Aglaura was put on, he bought all the Cloathes himselfe, which were very rich; no tinsell, all the lace pure gold and silver, which cost him...I have now forgot' (Brief Lives, ed. Oliver Lawson Dick [Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1949], 1949, 452). In other words, and in violation of economic practice in the professional theatre of the time, instead of the playing company paying him a flat fee for his playtext, he paid them to stage it: the fact that payment had been in theatrical kind -- new costumes -- reduced neither the offence to Brome nor the expense to Suckling. Nearer the time, the figure for what the production had cost the playwright had been remembered and reported as `three or four hundred Pounds setting out, eight or ten Suit of new Cloaths he gave the Players; an unheard of Prodigality' (The Earl of Strafforde's Letters, ed. William Knowles [Dublin, 1740], quoted in John Freehafer, `Brome, Suckling, and Davenant's Theater Project of 1639', Texas Studies in Literature and Language, X.3 [Fall 1968], 373).
Yet you sometimes pay dear for’t, since they write
Less for your pleasure than their own delight,
Which if our poet fail in, may he be
A scene of mirth in their next comedy.*n10119
The challenge with which Brome here concludes his prologue anticipates the mockery which his own play will make of Sir John Suckling; and it perhaps also glances back at Suckling’s mockery of Ben Jonson in `The Wits: a Session of the Poets’ (1637). This critical account of the Caroline literary scene assembles named poets, each arguing before Apollo for his own pre-eminence. First to speak is `good old Ben', already drunk, who boasts of his dramatic triumphs in the Jacobean past: Volpone (1605), Epicoene (1609), and The Alchemist (1610). He is represented as so full of himself that when Apollo interrupts his boasting, Jonson starts to storm out of the session. At the insistence of those competitors who `thought it not fit / To discontent so ancient a wit’, however, Jonson is called back to be made `host of his own new Inne’. Nothing further is said of the agèd poet, and these last words are a cruel reminder that his time had passed: The New Inn (1629), one of Jonson’s last works for the commercial theatre, had failed there. For further discussion, see Introduction; and for texts and commentary, see The Works of Sir John Suckling: I, The Non-Dramatic Works , ed. Thomas Clayton (1971), 71-76, 266-278
ACT ONE
1.1*n9616
Act 1 introduces a pair of young lovers (Charissa and Frederick) whose union meets opposition from her father (Sir Andrew Mendicant) but finds support from her father’s household dependant (Gabriel, a relative): this romantic configuration recurs across centuries of comedy. The dramatic situation, however, is full of circumstances which are specific to early Stuart London. The act begins with a father-daughter exchange in which Mendicant expounds his opposition to Frederick’s suit: although well-born, the young man has no estate with which to maintain a bride, and Mendicant has resolved that Charissa must marry a courtier (Ferdinand) whom he thinks to be on the rise in royal favour and therefore a good financial investment. Charissa counter-attacks by pointing out to her father that he himself has ruined the family fortunes. Abandoning the good life in the countryside for uncomfortably straitened circumstances in London, Mendicant has squandered his rural estates on buying the fraudulent services of brokers in speculative ventures. His only remaining resource is the hand of his daughter, who points out that Ferdinand, the courtier whom her father wants her to marry, is so interested in another woman (Lady Strangelove) that this young widow has reportedly driven to him almost to distraction by her teasing. When Gabriel enters and confirms the report of Ferdinand’s insanity, Mendicant sends Charissa off to her room and forbids her to receive visitors in his absence. Gabriel then announces the approach of the Projectors, upon whom the next section of the Act centres. Counterpointed by sceptical asides from Gabriel, this trio of con-artists present a series of investment proposals to Mendicant. The plans are ridiculous, as are the notional profits, and Mendicant for once resists the Projectors’ blandishments. Gabriel, having demonstrated that the schemers who promise fortunes to others are themselves flat broke and very hungry, kicks them out. Aiming to lay hold of Ferdinand’s estate, Mendicant leaves. His exit is almost immediately followed by Charissa’s re-entrance, which marks the beginning of the final section of the act. Gabriel confirms her fear that Ferdinand’s true intentions towards her were dishonourable and then, anticipating the arrival of her forbidden lover, sends her off to her room again. Ferdinand duly enters for an exchange which establishes Gabriel’s allegiance to the young lovers: their eventual happiness, and some intermediate complications, being thus assured, the act ends as faithful lover and trusty servant exit in tandem.
[Enter] MENDICANT [and] CHARISSA.
Heaven knows with my much sorrow. Such a lover,
So in all points deserving of true worth,
And best
endowments†gg3789
‘gift’, power, capacity, or other advantage with which a person is endowed by nature or fortune (OED 4)
to make up a man
That I shall never see——your pardon, sir,
Though you pulled back, by violence, my hand,
In which my heart was freely given to him,
It is not in your power or strength of art
To beat a sigh back, or restrain a tear
Which I must offer to his memory.
5MendicantSuch storms soon waste themselves in absent lovers
When light of reason and good counsel shall
Break forth and shine upon ’em; and for your part,
Daughter, I know it shall. And,
presently,†gg103
immediately (OED adv. 3); without delay
I thus begin to
dissipate†gg3790
dispel. Brome here anticipates by half a century the earliest (1691) instance which the OED cites for usage as transitive verb in this figurative sense.
your errors:
You love this Frederick.
7MendicantYou say he is deserving in all
points.†gg3833
attributes, features, traits, or characteristics (OED n1. 13a)
8CharissaMy love emboldens me to tell you he is.
9MendicantCharissa,
take me with you.*n5664
explain yourself; make me understand you
Is he not
Deficient in that only
absolute†gs703
unconditional
point
That must maintain a lady, an estate?
11MendicantWhat can he show you*n9866
Mendicant's description of Frederick's hairstyle and outfit here in this speech, and then in [CB 1.1.speech15] his list of the lover's accessories, indicate that Frederick should be costumed as a fashionable young aristocrat. Examples abound among the portraits which Anthony Van Dyck painted during his second sojourn in London, from 1635 until his death late in 1641.
more
To take you with, than a
wild†gg3834
fantastic in appearance (OED adj. 13b)
head of hair;
A very
limebush†gg3791
bush on which the twigs have been spread with a glutinous substance, derived from the bark of holly, by which birds may be caught and held fast; hence, a means of entanglement (OED bird-lime n, 1a; and `lime' n1, 5a)
to catch
lady-birds?†gg3792
(1) female sweetheart, with derogatory sense as `kept mistress'; (2) butterfly. For a third, now more familiar sense -- small, brightly coloured and spotted beetle of the family Coccinellidae -- the earliest usage given by the OED is 1674.
A
tissue†gg3793
rich cloth, often interwoven with gold or silver threads
doublet; and a
ribbon*n10123
] riband
shop
Hung in his hatbands, might set up a peddlar?*n5665
That is: enough ribbons in his hat to furnish a peddlar. The only example which the OED gives for `shop' in this sense (n, 2c) as `the contents of a shop' dates from 1906.
Can this maintain a lady?
Upon his outside, sir.
Been over
inwardly†gs1708
closely, intimately
acquainted with him.
14CharissaSir, he has valour, wit, and honour: you well know
He’s of a noble family
extracted.†gg3799
descended
15MendicantWhat’s that a year? Those parts may be acquired
In winning of a strumpet. But what
jointure†gg1144
marriage settlement (usually the part of a husband’s wealth or property that he elected to assign to his wife in the event of his death)
Can he
propound†gg5765
put forward, propose (OED v. 1a)
to you? or (in case he dies,
Your
dowry†gs704
the money or property which the wife brings to her husband; the portion given with the wife (OED dowry n, 2; dower n2, 2)
being spent) what personal estate
Is’t like he’ll leave you, but his powder
glass,†gg4642
mirror
His comb and beard-brush, and perhaps a trunkful
Of
elegies,†gs705
all the species of poetry for which Greek and Latin poets adopted the elegiac metre (OED 2)
raptures,†gg3801
the expression, in words or music, of intense delight or enthusiasm; a rhapsody
madrigals†gs706
A short lyrical love poem, usually one suitable for a musical setting such as is described above
and sonnets?
No, let him go: discard him, and embrace
The hopes that I have for thee in the hopeful,
Exquisite†gg3800
consummate, excellent, perfect
cavalier,†gg3829
gentlemen trained to arms, gallants
courtier and soldier,
Scholar (and what not!) brave Sir Ferdinando:
There’s a man rising in the favour royal,
And may in thee, Charissa, make me happy.
16CharissaSir, you have given me liberty of speech
And may be pleased to let me tell you now:
You aim at your own fortune, not at mine.
All that I shall call mine must be thine own.
I be not thought too
loose†gs1718
lax, negligent
in my obedience.
Your state by
court-suits,†gg3802
supplication or petition made to the monarch or prince in order to obtain a position or privilege which was in royal gift
begging as some call it,
And for that end you left your country life,
And lands too, ever since my mother died,
Who while she lived with best of woman’s judgement
Which held you from that course of selling fair
Possessions to enable you with money
To purchase
wit*n5658
The word `wit' requires explanation, or emendation, here (where Octavo of 1653 italicises it: see [CB 1.1.line 93]). Its general sense as `understanding, intellect, reason' (OED n, 2) can be construed in tandem with `judgement' three lines above [CB 1.1.speech20]: pairing of these psychological faculties is common in the period and into the 18th century. However, opposing woman's judgement in the country to wit at court is clumsy and inexact; and Mendicant is not elsewhere characterised as interested in wit in any sense. The context might be better served by `wite', meaning `blame, reproach; blameworthiness, fault' (OED 2).
at court——*n5659
Here, and again in her next speech, Charissa breaks off her own sentence to check the effect which her words are having on her father: the self-interruptions may be cued by some visible response from Mendicant, or they could be prompted by apparent impassivity on his part.
You pardon me?
22CharissaAnd for th’exchange of a fair
mansion-house—†gg3803
chief residence of a rural landowner
Large fruitful fields, rich meadows and sweet pastures
Well cropped with corn and stocked as well with cattle,
A park well stored with deer too, and fishponds in’t,
And
all this for a lodging†gg4144
accommodation, lodging-house
in the Strand*n5660
In the 16th century, the Strand, the London street linking Westminster and the City, gave place to a string of palatial houses built, or rebuilt, for aristocrats. Development of the area became more intensive in the next century, when some of the great houses were let and sublet, while the land around them was subdivided to return a profit. In 1640 a residential address in the Strand would have been fashionable albeit not so upmarket as half a century earlier, while a lodging there would have been neither so grand as the elite palaces of earlier generations nor so comfortable as the rural residences of the landed elite.
now——
But do I not offend?
24CharissaYour own fed beeves and muttons, fowl and poultry
Loaded your
long boards*n9748
Charissa's phrase here designates large dining tables spread with food for a repast and, by extension, the meals thus served to many (OED `board' n, 6a and 7a). The image figures both the productivity of the rural estate which her father has squandered and the social virtue of liberality which he has abandoned.
then; and you had then
Neighbours could boast your hospitality,
And poor, that for the remnants prayed for you.
Now all concludes upon a two-dished table.
And whereas then you had a numerous
family†gg3804
household
Of servants and attendants, out of which
For profit or for pleasure you could call
Your
bailiff,†gg3805
the agent of the lord of a manor, who collects his rents, etc.; the steward of a landholder, who manages his estate; one who superintends the husbandry of a farm for its owner or tenant (OED 3)
groom, your falconer, or your huntsman,
Now, sir, a
varlet†gg1100
rogue, menial
coachman and footboy
Are all your retinue; and for the hounds
You kept, that made you sport and
music,*n9868
The notion of the baying of hounds as music will be familiar to any reader of Shakespeare's A Midsummer's Night's Dream (4.4). No mere figure of speech, it is developed at length by Gervase Markham in Countrey Contentments (1615), a book of household management which includes advice on the selection of hunting-dogs: the criteria depend upon the owner's priorities, including `sweetnesse, loudnesse, or deepenesse of crie'. To those who are principally concerned with `the musique of [the hounds'] voices' Markham offers advice which reads almost as if he were addressing a choirmaster.
now
None but your project
beagles,†gg3806
small hound dog which relies upon its sense of smell to follow a trail
that smell out
Where such a
forfeiture†gg3807
loss or liability to deprivation (of an estate, goods, office, etc.) in consequence of a crime, offence, or breach of engagement (from OED 2). Project beagles smell out, and try to seize, other people's losses.
is to be begged;
Where one would purchase a reprieve, another
A pardon or a lease of life rope-free
For ready money; then where goods or lands
Are found of
men that make away themselves;*n5661
Suicide was a crime, and the property of those who committed it was forfeit to the state.
And so of
fools and madmen.*n5662
The state also controlled the property of idiots and lunatics, who (along with minors) were considered to be incapable of looking their own affairs. Across a century from 1541, the estates of persons deemed mentally incompetent were administered by the Court of Wards and Liveries, which awarded guardianship for the duration of the ward's incapacity. See [NOTE n5667].
All to set
Your trade of begging up, and still you beg;
But
your own want of favour*n9869
Charissa is pointing out to her father that he is without position or influence at court: in order to secure the grants and permissions on which his various money-making projects depend, he needs the services of middle-men, who help themselves to almost all of any profits.
holds you back
From reaching any profit by’t, because
You beg by mediators’ tongues, which you
Call favourites, who reap the crop of all,
And leave you but the gleanings, some small pittance
To keep alive the itch of begging in you–
25Mendicant [Aside] She speaks
home†gg3814
effectively, to the heart of the matter (OED adv. 5a)
and within me, to the purpose.
26CharissaStill wasting your own fortunes, till at last
You have no hopeful
project†gs707
planned or proposed undertaking; a scheme, a proposal
left to thrive by
But to put me upon this supposed favourite
To beg for you when it is doubtful yet
Whether he’ll take me with the dowry which
Mine uncle left me, though you add your projects.
27MendicantThe noble gallant loves thee, girl, and holds
Thy person and thy virtues dowry enough.
28CharissaHe is a
wanton†gg3808
undisciplined, ill-governed
lover, full of change,
And at this instant
singularly†gg3809
specially, particularly, unusually
devoted
Unto that
humorous†gg150
moody, whimsical
lady, the young widow.
To draw all men's affections to her service,
And then abuses all by scorns or slightings,
And this (they say) has made him almost mad.
Married to him better than so.
Enter GABRIEL.*n9248
Octavo of 1653 puts this entrance -- `Enter Gabrel [sic]' -- three and a half lines further on, after the line [CB 1.1.line149] Mendicant's speech [CB 1.1.speech 31] ends. Once Mendicant draws attention to his approach, the sooner Gabriel enters and becomes visible, the more effective will be his silence as Mendicant rattles off questions.
How now!
Ha’ you seen the noble knight from me?
How did he entertain my message? ha!
Why speakst thou not? what answer has he sent?
32GabrielHe’s not, sir, to be spoken with or seen
To any purpose, but by his physicians.
Where are my hopes?
He is, nor can himself give any account
Of his condition, for he is mad, sir.
As you can think a courtier must be
That is more mad than all the rest.
The cause?
38GabrielThat, sir, has puzzled all the doctors
In weighing all his several wild
affections.†gg2534
mental states, emotions; inclinations
One finds he was ambitious of Court favour
And guesses he was crossed in some great suit.
Another takes him as he was a soldier
And losing cost and
travail†gs1487
effort, suffering (with a possible pun on ‘travel’)
in the war
Must lose his wits for that. A third
collects†gs1709
infers, concludes (OED `collect' v, 5a)
He was a poet that drunk too deep of
Helicon,†gg3359
a mountain in Beotia, in myth the haunt of the Muses, and thus a figure for art, especially poetry
And turned his brain in climbing of
Parnassus.†gg5453
mountain in Phocia in Greece, sacred to Apollo (whose shrine of Delphos was at the base of Parnassus), to Dionysus and to the Muses, and thus a figure for art and literature
A fourth, considering that he was a gamester
Long and much favoured, and upraised by fortune
To mountainous heaps of gold, conjectures that
Some late unlucky hand or chance at play
Hath with his money swept his wit away.
Or shake his settled judgement or his temper.
40GabrielThen, sir, a fifth and youngest head among
The learned men (what call you him for a doctor?
He that affects gay clothes and
Flanders laces,*n9749
Flanders (now Belgium) had been noted for the manufacture of laces since the mid-sixteenth century.
Has known this noble patient to have been
An extreme
amorist,†gg3811
votary of sexual love
desperately devoted
Unto the service of some threescore ladies,
And honoured every one the most in costly presents,
Banquets and verses, and thinks the disdain
Of one or all of them has turned his brain.
41CharissaI told you, sir, the cause before, and named
That humorous lady for it, whom in heart
I can no less than thank.
And stir not from my chamber,
on†gg3812
at the risk of forfeiting (OED prep, 16)
my blessing,
Till my return, nor admit any one
Unto a conference with you.
44GabrielSome of your project searchers wait
without,†gg1432
outside
sir,
Loden,†gg3813
16/17th-century form of past participle `loaded'
it seems, with new
intelligences.†gg2087
information
Me little comfort, I am sure I shall
Afford them none. Now, sirs, your business?
Enter PROJECTORS 1, 2, and 3.
To crave the knowledge of what good success
Your honour finds in our late suits, my Lord.
In a short space of time: the world holds no
Proportion else, nor shall it more be said
That money can buy land, or great estates
In lands and
manor-houses†gg3816
mansion belonging to a lord, whom feudal law gave jurisdiction over his estate and, later, rights to fees and services from those who held land on it
be called lordships.
52Gabriel [Aside] So now
the game’s afoot. They hunt in full cry.*n9750
Gabriel imagines the projectors as a pack of hunting dogs in noisy pursuit of prey which has started up. The image elaborates Carissa's reference, earlier in the scene (Speech No. 24), to her father's `project beagles'.
57Gabriel [Aside] Their lives and credits, ha, ha, ha!
Shall bring in fifty thousand pounds to us,
An hundred thousand to yourself, and to
The coffers royal for full seven years’ space
Sixty-four thousand seven hundred
eighty-three pounds, seven shillings, ninepence,
ha'penny farthing per annum†gg5458
annually, by the year
*n8345
Octavo of 1653 reads `£64,783. 7s. 9d. ob. q. per annum'. The numbers, and the abbreviation ob. q., have been recast as words in order to advertise both the absurd exactitude of the sum and the impossibility of uttering it as verse, which it ludicrously disrupts. It is not known whether the figure has any significance beyond maniacal precision and great size: on 22 April 2009, the National Archives' online currency converter calculated that the spending power of £64,783.38 in 1640 would now be £5,558,414.65!
[PROJECTOR proffers a scroll.]*n9243
Octavo of 1653 gives no stage direction for the production of a scroll, but Projector 1's statement, `'Tis here already cast' requires that it be at, or in, hand by that point in the dialogue. The scroll could, however, appear earlier in Projector 1's speech --- perhaps as he progresses from broad estimates of annual income for the Projectors and Mendicant to the maniacally precise statement of income for the Crown.
’Tis here already
cast,†gg5628
calculated, estimated (OED v. 38)
which to make good
We’ll venture lives and goods–
MENDICANT takes the scroll and peruses it.*n9242
In Octavo of 1653, this stage direction is printed, to the right of the dialogue, across three lines, of which the last ([CB 1.1.line230]) is Gabriel's first line in [C.B. 1.1.speech61].
Your lives and goods, your wives and children, gentlemen!
That’s too deep set, and questions the King’s mercy:
Methinks it were enough, for non-performance
You would submit your bodies to perpetual
Imprisonment at the King’s
charge†gg2323
(n) cost, expense
and leave
Your wives and children to their several parishes.*n9751
The projectors have just asserted willingness to risk everything -- their own lives, goods, wives and children -- on realising their promise of huge profits. Mendicant retorts that a sufficient punishment for failure would be lifelong sentences to gaol: the projectors' survival would then be at royal expense; and their families, no longer supported by the projectors, would be dependent upon their charity of their respective parishes.
You are still faithless, sir, in all projects.
62Projector 1But when you shall perceive the wealthy
sums*n11548
] sonnes
Daily brought in and be continually
Troubled with the receipts (if you may be trusted
That have so little faith), when you shall soil
And
gall†gg3819
make sore by chafing or rubbing
your fingers ends with
telling†gg3818
tallying, counting
money,
Yet find the lickings of ’em sweet, you’ll then
Sing other notes.
To put you to some
teller’s†gg6020
money-counter(OED 2a, where this instance is cited)
clerk to teach you
Ambidexterity*n10124
] Ambo-dexterity
†gg6021
power of using both hands alike (OED 1, where this instance is the earliest example given for the word in any sense).
in telling money.
64GabrielDo you hear, sir? Can you give me two sixpences
For a shilling—or any single money?†gg3820
small change
65Projector 2Pish!†gg3269
an interjection 'expressing contempt, impatience, or disgust' (OED)
66GabrielCry mercy,†gg5350
beg pardon
you were none in
ready coin,†gg5351
cash in hand
But all in
bullion†gg5349
gold or silver in the lump, as distinguished from coin or manufactured articles (OED bullion n2, II 2)
locked in your
brave†gs1711
fine, famous (OED adj. 3)
chests,
And there you have the treasure of the
Indies,*n9756
The reference could be to either the East or the West Indies. Gabriel goes on to mention an historical incident involving gold from the West Indies; but at this point in his speech, literal geography matters less than allusive metaphor, signifying `a region or place yielding great wealth or to which profitable voyages may be made' (OED `Indies' 2).
Of deeper value, could it be digged out,
Than all the Hollanders have waited for
These seven years out of the Spanish plate fleets*n8346
The Netherlands broke away from rule by Hapsburg Spain over eighty years of intermittent fighting. After 1621, when a twelve-year truce in the hostilities came to an end, fleets of Spanish ships bringing gold and silver from the Americas were preyed upon by fleets of privateers employed by the Dutch West India Company.
.
68GabrielBut put mine eye out (now I dare you to’t)
With any single piece of
ready money.†gg1245
cash
With his old misbelief. But still we doubt not
Your honourable good opinion of us.
70Projector 2You have
perused †gs1712
scrutinised, considered
this
weighty*n9757
Projector 2 here uses the word `weighty' to mean `highly important, momentous' (OED 3a), but Mendicant will respond to it as if it meant `heavy' (OED 1).
paper here.
71MendicantIt weighs not all twelve grains.†gg3821
smallest English units of weight; twelve grains would amount to 3/1750ths of a pound avoirdupois
Nay, the whole
platform†gg3822
diagram, plan, map
of a stately city,
Or a design to conquer a whole nation!
But do you note the grounds, the rules and reasons,
First for the easiness of the several grants–
74Projector 3And then the certainty o’th’
propounded†gs1714
proposed
profits
Both to the King and us–
75Projector 1Without all
grievance†gg6022
infliction of hardship, injury (OED 1)
unto the subject.
77Projector 1Take ’em into particulars,*n10121
Mendicant’s visitors will proceed to set out, in varying degrees of detail, a series of different projects: see [CB 1.1.speech77] through [CB 1.1.speech102]. Brome’s Projector sequence here corresponds to the third anti-masque in James Shirley's The Triumph of Peace, a masque staged at Whitehall in February 1634. (See Introduction and [NOTE n9575].) As described in the printed text, Shirley’s projectors were all visually sensational; and some of their respective projects, which are articulated and assessed in dialogue between Opinion and Phansie, do not look so very silly in historical hindsight. (1) `The first [was] a Iocky with a Bonnet on his head upon the top of it a whip, he seeming much to obserue and affect a bridle which he had in his hand’: his project was the invention of a bridle which would refresh the horse that wore it. (2) `The second a Country fellow in a Leather Doublet and gray trunke Hose, a wheele with a perpetuall motion on his head, and in his hand a flayle’: his project was the invention of a mechanical thresher. (3) `The third, a grimme Philosophicall fac’d fellow in his gowne furr’d and girdled about him, a furnace upon his head, and in his hand a Lampe’: his project was the invention of a double-boiler for alchemists. (4) `The fourth in a case of blacke Leather vaste to the middle, and round on the top, with glasse eyes, and bellowes under each arme’ : his project was the invention of an underwater diving bell. (5) `The fift a Physition, on his head a Hat with a bunch of Carrots, a Capon perched upon his fist’: his project was the manufacture of chicken-feed from carrot-scrapings. (6) `The sixt like a Seaman, A Shippe upon his head and holding a Line and Plummet in his hand’ : his project is a double invention – a ship that can sail against the wind and can serve in the construction of a gravel-processing factory on the Godwin Sands (The Triumph of Peace... third impression, [London: John Norton for William Cook, 1633[4], sigs. A1v - 2, B3v - 4v).
my Lord,
First, this for
perukes:†gg3823
wigs
the monopoly
Of making all the perukes male and female,
Through court and kingdom.
78Gabriel [Aside] There’s a capital†gg1040
pertaining to the head
project.
Of no diseased or infectious stuff, of dead or living,
No verminous or
sluttish†gg3826
dirty, grimy
locks or combings,
But harmless and sound hair, of innocent
And wholesome people.
From gallows, nor hospitals, from whence
They have had great supplies.
Said very well, for here’s a reformation
Of that abuse intended in these words
‘Innocent’ and ‘wholesome’.
To wear a friend’s hair so departed, as
You his or your wife yours, may’t not be had?
Procure the hair and bring it from the gallows
To th’office, and it may be done accordingly.
84GabrielYou have in that said very well, sir, too.
Profit will rise i’th’ general use of ’em,
And multiplicity that will be worn
By people of all sorts, degrees and ages:
The old to hide their natural baldness, and
The young and middle-aged their artificial
Or accidental.
86GabrielBy the pox†gg214
disease characterised by pustules on the skin (OED 1a); syphilis (OED 1b)
or so.
That none shall be esteemed so sound or wise
As public wearers of them: which to
effectuate†gg3824
accomplish, bring to pass
’Tis requisite that you obtain a
mandate†gg3825
command, order, injunction
Unto all courtiers that would be thought wise
To wear false hair, because
clowns†gs1322
man without refinement or culture; an ignorant, rude, uncouth, ill-bred man (OED clown n, 2), opposed to `courtier'
have been noted
To talk like fools or madmen in their own.
Touching new fashions of apparel — suits,
Hats, boots, swords, belts, ribbons, et cetera—
Tuppence on every
several†gs1046
individual
piece he sells
Of any such new fashion the first year?
90GabrielAnd what may this
pride-money†gg5459
tax on ostentation (OED pride n1, Compound C1c) (this instance is the only example which the OED gives for this `obsolete humorous nonce-use')
amount unto
Per annum?†gg5458
annually, by the year
Can you guess?
The father pay a
groat,†gg75
coin valued at roughly fourpence (OED 2), which in today's currency would be worth about £1.43
to hearten men
To live soberly and get soldiers.
For building a new theatre or play-house
Upon the Thames, on barges or flat boats*n8347
Late in March 1639 Sir William Davenant obtained a patent for building a new theatre, 'forty yards square at the most', on a site off Fleet Street and assembling a company to 'exercise Action, musical Presentments, Scenes, Dancing and the like' in it. The location would have put it into direct competition with both the Blackfriars and Salisbury Court Theatres, and the modishness of the entertainments planned for it would have given it some advantage over the fare at these established private playhouses. Meeting opposition from the start, the project was in October crippled with restrictions and eventually came to nothing. Brome had been under contract to write plays for Salisbury Court since July 1635, and while his mid-1639 defection to the Cockpit was probably prompted by a change of management at Salisbury Court, it may possibly also have been an immediate response to the Davenant project. The jokey project for a floating theatre here in The Court Beggar is certainly a delayed response to Davenant's Fleet Theatre. (See G.E.Bentley, JCS, VI, 305-9; John Freehafer, 'Brome, Suckling and Davenant's Theatre Project of 1639, Texas Studies in Language & Literature, X.3 (Fall 1968), 367-382; G.Wickham, H.Berry & W.Ingram, eds., English Professional Theatre 1530-1660 [Cambridge University Press, 2000], 657-667.)
To help the watermen out of the loss
They’ve suffered by
sedans,†gg6024
closed vehicles, each seating one person, which were carried on a parallel pair of poles by two bearers, one in front and one behind. In The Sparagus Garden Brome refers to them as `hand-barrows' (1.3) and `hand-litters' (4.10).
under which project
The subject groans, when for the ease of one
Two abler men must suffer, and not the price
Or pride of horse-flesh or coach-hire abated.*n8348
Coach traffic had been banned in the environs of the private theatres; and in October 1634 Sir Sanders Dunscombe had been awarded a monopoly on sedan-chairs.
This shall bring floods of gain to th’ watermen
Of which they’ll give a fourth of every fare
They shall
board†gg6023
take on board ship (OED v. 3)
at the floating theatre,
Or set ashore from thence, the poets and actors
Half of their first year’s profits.
102Projector 1This is a weighty one: for
massy†gg3827
great, substantial, impressive
sums
That may be freely given out of the
City,†gg3452
The City of London, the ancient capital and commercial area with its own system of power and government; often contrasted with the Royal Court, based a few miles down the Thames at Westminster and Whitehall, a rival base of power, authority, and culture
To have but this assurance, that hereafter
They may
engross†gg3828
to monopolise, to gain or keep exclusive possession of
the getting of their own
Children, by order ta’en that
cavaliers†gg3829
gentlemen trained to arms, gallants
And courtiers may no more invade
Or mix with tradesmen’s wives, whereby ’tis thought
So many City prodigals have been gotten,
Only the thrifty country gentlemen
To be excepted, for by them ’tis guessed
So many citizens grow landed men.
103GabrielWere not they gotten by projectors, think you?
I do allow’t in him—
All that is put to me by way of project
To
put me by†gs1715
put me off, make me give over
all further hopes in ’em:
For (with heart’s grief I speak it) he by whom
I only hoped to climb (alas!) is fallen.
110Projector 2The noble
cavalier,†gg3829
gentlemen trained to arms, gallants
Sir Ferdinando.
Is he now fallen beside*n9716
] besides
himself?
In lieu of all your service but
beg*n5667
The Projector here proposes that Mendicant take control of the estate and thus revenues) of the estate of the reportedly insane Sir Ferdinando by getting the knight made his ward. To this end he would have applied to the Court of Wards and Liveries, which, from 1541 until the Revolution, administered the property of landed minors, idiots and the insane. See [NOTE n5662].
him?
114MendicantHis greater and his
nearer†gg6025
closer, more intimate
friends at court
Will prevent me.
My Lord, you shall disburse but twenty
pieces.†gg80
of gold or silver, i.e. money (OED n. 1b)
Find†gg3831
obtain, procure
his estate.
So plain that you shall say all’s yours,
Before you stir a foot.
Till he has tired himself, he shall return,
And say all’s lost: is’t not so, gentlemen?
Off o’ his benefit, by disheart’ning him
In this small venture. [To MENDICANT] Will you then be pleased
To give us but ten pieces?†gg80
of gold or silver, i.e. money (OED n. 1b)
And
stand no longer thus in your own light.*n9758
That is: do yourself a favour, stop missing your chance.
126MendicantNot a denier.†gg3830
French coin, made of copper from the 16th century and worth a twelfth of a sou: hence, a tiny sum in any currency
127Projector 1A dinner then, my Lord, but of one
piece.†gg80
of gold or silver, i.e. money (OED n. 1b)
128MendicantMy answers cannot please you.
[To GABRIEL] Answer ’em you.
129Gabriel [To PROJECTORS] I wonder how you, having stretched your throats
With the loud sounds of thousands, hundred thousands,
Can, after all, so faintly whisper forth
One piece, and that as much in vain, as all
The
massy†gg3827
great, substantial, impressive
sums, for all but brings you nothing.
It shows you gentlemen of resolute patience
And would take thankfully, I warrant you,
An odd
half-crown†gg5426
silver coin worth two shillings sixpence (£0.125 in decimal currency)
amongst you; and what say you
To every man a kick
on the condition?*n8305
in exchange: in other words, a kick for each projector in return for a half-crown from the trio
What say you to one with t’other?
Shall lose your master a hundred thousand pound.
131GabrielGo coin your
bullion†gg5349
gold or silver in the lump, as distinguished from coin or manufactured articles (OED bullion n2, II 2)
brains into the money
And come again. My master was
Your Lord even now, as he was lord of beggars.
133GabrielOut, hundreds, thousands, ten thousands, hundred thousands, millions, ten millions, millions upon millions!
Away! I’ll stamp your buttocks into coin else.
[GABRIEL kicks out at] PROJECTORS[, who] exit. *n9244
Octavo of 1653 places the Projectors' exit to the right of the dialogue, across Gabriel's first two lines of verse in [CB 1.1.speech133]. Probably a lot of business goes on while he begins this speech in prose. Minimally, in order to motivate Gabriel's complaint about having lamed his toes, his foot must bash the buttocks of the last Projector to exit.
The devil ride that hindmost*n10117
Gabriel here adapts a proverb, one which appears in other plays of the period: see Tilley D267.
of ’em, for
A raw boned
jade!†gg5461
a contemptuous name for a horse of inferior breed, a hack, a sorry, ill-conditioned, wearied, or worn-out horse (OED n1. 1)
’Sfoot!†gg578
an oath, short for ‘God’s foot’
he has lamed my toes!*n8293
Gabriel's oath, an abbreviation of `God's foot!', is especially apt: having just kicked the projectors offstage, he claims to have stubbed his toe on the scrawny backside of one of the projectors (probably Projector 1, who is the last of the trio to speak).
As th’art my servant and my loving kinsman–
135GabrielTo follow you in all things but in projects.
136MendicantLook to my house and daughter, that she
start†gg5427
escape (the latest usage which the OED gives for this now obsolete sense (v, 6) is 1622)
not
Nor any entrance be allowed to Frederick
To re-entangle her in his love. I know
Thy virtue and thy valour can make good
My trust imposed†gg2799
placed (in someone)
in thee.
But, good sir, no more projects!
On which I’ll
set my rest.†gg5435
stake my last (OED rest n2, 6b and 7)
Thou’lt say ’tis good.
It can be nothing.
By which I will advance my house and name.Exit [MENDICANT].
141GabrielThe beggar’s best is that he feels no shame:
Enter CHARISSA.*n9245
Octavo of 1653 prints Charissa's entrance two lines further on, after the end of Gabriel's speech [CB 1.1.speech 141]
’Sprecious,†gg4751
Shortened form of `God's precious', used as an asseveration or oath (OED, where The Court Beggar provides the last of three examples, the others being from Jonson's The Alchemist and Bartholomew Fair)
what mean you? Ha’ you forgot so soon
Your father’s strict command, and he scarce gone yet?
142CharissaAlas! he’ll then meet Frederick and
divert†gg5436
turn away (OED v. 3 and 5)
him:
I saw him at the window making this way.
A master, though you can neglect a father.
And need the pity of a friend.
And will do no more than you know how to ask
For your own good. I understand your cause
And can
relieve†gg5438
assist in difficulty (OED v. 1a)
you, if you’ll yield to counsel.
Though you
observe†gg1525
act in accordance with, follow the instructions in
my father, who, I fear,
Has not a father’s love towards me.
And all his
travail*n10122
] travell
is for your advancement;
But he goes blindfold on unprosperous ways
Led by credulity. Projects! Pox o’ projects
The patron of his projects is (it seems)
Peppered†gg6027
seasoned, sprinkled; (figuratively) infected with venereal disease
with madness. ’Tis but justice on him;
And now I’ll give you a secret if you’ll promise
To be ruled by me.
148CharissaYou shall rule me, cousin.†gg1220
generally used in speaking to or of kin, whether nephew or actual cousin, or any other relationship by blood or marriage outside the immediate nuclear family
149GabrielThis Ferdinand, your father’s great Court
godling,†gg6028
inferior deity, a god possessing little power
Ne’er sought you for a wife, but to have whored you
(That is the English on’t); and to appear
A right great man in th’act, he would ha’ made
By hopes and promises your credulous father
The instrument of your prostitution,
Which to effect (though still he undertook
His hopeful projects) cunning lawyer-like
He
crossed†gs1181
thwarted, opposed, obstructed
or lost him still in all, on purpose
That poverty at length might urge him to
Give you to his dispose.†gg2130
management
153GabrielYou’ll never see him more, then. Go to your chamber.
A little patience and he shall be yours.
When cooling hopes are cast on hot desire.Exit [CHARISSA].
155GabrielPoor heart! I pity her and will labour for her.
Enter FREDERICK.
Thy master absent, whom I saw, in haste
Now passing towards the court. Where’s my Charissa?
159GabrielMay not! nay, must not, shall not, see her.
Warrants me speak it, sir.
[FREDERICK] draw[s his sword and then GABRIEL draws his].*n9247
Octavo of 1653 places the stage direction -- `Draw' -- to the right, at the end of Frederick's speech, and it obviously indicates an act of armed aggression by him. That it also indicates a response from Gabriel has been inferred from the end of the scene: Frederick's stage-clearing couplet makes clear that Gabriel's claim to `have a sword [which] speaks other language' (1.1. Speech No. 163) has been more than a macho metaphor. What is left to directorial discretion is the point at which they put up their weapons.
163GabrielI have a sword speaks other language for me.
164FrederickCan she whose thoughts are truth, and written here,
Here in this breast, giving me ample welcome,
Give thee a countermand to bar me from it?
Wouldst thou make her a double-hearted monster?
Or like another woman?
Repent thee of thy
trespass†gg319
(n) offence (OED n. 1); minor violation of the law (OED n. 2); crime
yet and live.
165GabrielSir, if you think to fight, talk not too much;
Or, if you needs must talk, then hear as well.
Than fits this place, since you are apt to quarrel
And this no ground to
bustle†gs1716
scuffle, struggle (OED v. 3)
on, nor indeed
Where I dare for my honesty and trust
Allow you longer stay. If therefore you
Will walk, I'll wait upon you and direct you
In a more ready way to find Charissa.
May come within his
arm's reach *n5666
] arm-reach
of his money
In the
Exchequer,†gg3835
royal treasury (OED n 5)
but he must walk about
170Frederick [Aside] The fellow’s honest, valiant, and discreet:
Full†gs1717
possessed of all qualities belonging to the designation -- in this case, `man' (OED adj. 7b)
man, in whom those three additions meet.
Because if thou dar’st fight, thou dar’st not lie.[FREDERICK and GABRIEL exit.]
Edited by Marion O'Connor