ACT THREE
3.1*n7837
At the beginning of Act 3, the much-discussed Frances appears for the first time, and the fruits of Dryground’s scheme begin to come clear, as Oliver and Ambrose go to the ordinary, encounter Frances, and find out about the supposed scheme to raffle Frances’ virginity among the gallants who are frequenting it. The intentions of Dryground (who is playing out the role of the disreputable host in part of the scene and is disguising his true feelings at other points), and Frances herself, are obscure. It is unlikely that spectators will know that Frances is not female at this point (although if they were familiar with Jonson’s The New Inn they might have their suspicions), but she is clearly performing her nationality and may be performing other things too. Like The New Inn and Jonson’s earlier play, Epicoene, The Demoiselle capitalises on the invisibility that an all-male cast gives the cross-dressed character. (For more detailed commentary on the use of a single-sex cast, see notes on Act 5.)
In Act 3, Scene 2, the results of another plot-line are seen, as Bumpsey and his family enter ‘all in brave clothes’, the result of Bumpsey’s spending competition with Valentine. This gives Brome an opportunity to make fun of current, French-influenced fashions, and we discover that Magdalen and Jane are planning to visit the ordinary in pursuit of training in fashionable behaviour. The characterisation of Magdalen develops in this scene: like many middle-aged women in Caroline drama, she is unconsciously bawdy, her speech dripping with innuendo. As the scene progresses, Vermin and, later, Sir Amphilus, enter in search of news of Alice. The latter’s entrance leads to some miniature comic set pieces, particularly when Trebasco enters and informs his master that his prized dog has been abducted. As the scene concludes, the men head to a tavern to drown Sir Amphilus’s sorrows, while the women pursue their plan to visit the ordinary.
[Enter] FRANCIS [and] WAT.*n7838
] Francis - Wat.
418FrancesI shall repent me, sir, that e’er I yielded
In that fair noble way, if you express
Yourself in this
regardless†gg5156
heedless, indifferent, careless
of my honour.
419WatAye, like a whore,
with all my heart,*n7840
That is: with great sincerity, earnestness, or devotion; with the utmost goodwill or pleasure (OED heart n, 39).
that talks
So like an honest†gg137
chaste
woman.
A chaste and constant wife of her whom you
Have
wrought†gg1029
(literally) moulded, shaped; (in context) persuaded
to
lewdness†gg5169
lustful or lascivious behaviour
before marriage?
Or may I
not deserve*n10034
] not as well deserve (This line is hyper-metrical, and it seems evident that one of the repetitions of 'as well' is erroneous; a reader of one of the British Library copies of the play [G.18535] deletes the second rather than the first.)
as well in bringing
A
maidenhead†gg5170
state or condition of being a virgin (OED n1, 1a)
into your marriage-bed,
As a polluted†gg2226
sinful, tainted
body?
For a
poor†gg928
insignificant
bit†gs1213
small portion or amount (especially of food); used to allude to sexual intercourse (Williams, 1: 107-8)
aforehand!†gg359
in advance
Is it so?
Heart!†gs1214
an exclamation or mild oath, short for ‘God’s heart!’
If a man
bespeak†gs1215
order
a
tavern feast*n7842
i.e. a meal ordered in a tavern.
For
next-day dinner,*n7843
Dinner on the next day (i.e. tomorrow).
and give
earnest†gs1216
money paid as an instalment or pledge: a deposit (OED n, 2)
for’t
To half the value*n7844
i.e. amounting to half of the price
– as my faith and
troth,†gs1217
promise (especially of marriage)
I think, is somewhat towards your
marriage payment*n7846
This refers to jointure, the money pledged to the wife on marriage, in the event of her widowhood; Wat equates emotional and financial ‘payment’, suggesting that his pledge of love should entitle him to some sexual reward prior to the wedding.
–
To be tomorrow,*n7845
That is: the 'tavern feast' will be ordered, and guaranteed with a deposit, for tomorrow.
will not the
hostess*n7847
i.e. the manager of the tavern
give him
A
modicum†gg5171
small quantity of food or drink; OED notes that it can be used as a slang term for ‘something eaten in order to stimulate thirst’ (modicum n. 1.a)
o’ernight to
stay his stomach?*n7848
That is: stave off hunger (OED stay v1, 29); ‘stomach’ is also used to refer to sexual appetite (Williams, 3: 1320): see George Chapman, All Fools (Chapel Children, c. 1600), in which the jealous Cornelio threatens his wife with divorce ‘to bridle her stout stomach’ (Frank Manley, ed., All Fools [Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1968], 5.2.213).
Your father comes; I’ll whisper yet more
reason.†gs1218
evidence used to support a particular argument (OED n1, 1a); reasons for taking a particular course of action (OED n1, 5a)
Enter DRYGROUND disguised*n7850
Dryground appears to be wearing clothes that indicate to other characters his supposed vocation as a pimp. In a poem prefacing Humphrey Mill’s A Night-Search (London, 1640) - to which Brome also contributed a poem - Thomas Brewer comments that the characters depicted include ‘Some satin pimp; some plush decoy’ (sig. A4r), a decoy being a swindler (OED n.2 4); the pimp may therefore wear ostentatiously expensive or fashionable clothing, but with a raffish or disreputable air.
[with] ALICE.*n7849
] Enter Dryground disguis’d. Alice.
422DrygroundNow, pretty
Mistress*n7851
] Mr.
Alice, you see the
end†gg2357
purpose, aim
I had
upon†gs1219
towards (OED upon prep, 20); concerning (upon prep, 22)
you, all the
scope†gg5172
purpose, aim (OED n2, 2a)
thereof
Tending†gg5173
attending to, looking after (OED tend v1, 2 and 3a); relating to, concerning (OED tend v2, 9)
to your
contentment.†gg5174
satisfaction, contentedness; enjoyment, delight
Are you pleased?
423AliceSo well, that could I but shake off the fear
(Which is most dangerous) of
a father’s curse,*n7852
i.e. my father’s anger (a 'curse' here is opposed to the blessing that a father ought to give a child).
I
durst†gs1220
would dare
pronounce, nay, boast my happiness
To be above my
virgin†gg5175
appropriate to a virgin: chaste, pure; fresh or new (OED virgin a, 16)
hopes or wishes.
424DrygroundLet your fear vanish then. And if
this night*n7853
The events of the play seem to take place during the course of one day. For further comment see the Introduction.
The happiness
you are ambitious of,*n7854
i.e. that you hope to achieve
Together with your father’s
leave†gg885
permission
and blessing,
Crown†gg2442
(v) bless, amplify, give honour to (OED v1, 11); bring to a happy conclusion (OED crown v1, 10)
not your bed, let all the infamy
Due to all
perjured wretches*n7855
people who have made false oaths, or have promised things that they cannot supply
that have wronged
Beauty and chastity
be branded here.*n7856
Perjurers could be punished by having letters (for instance, ‘F.A.’ for false accuser) branded on their cheeks or foreheads. See Garthine Walker, Crime, Gender and Social Order in Early Modern England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 100. Dryground probably therefore gestures to his face or forehead.
425AliceThe fair
respect†gs370
favour; esteem
I have, sir, to your
noblesse,†gg5176
nobility of character or mind (OED n, 1a)
For what you have already shown me, bars
Mine ears ’gainst†gg2413
against
protestation.*n7857
i.e. prevents me from hearing arguments to the contrary.
I
dare†gg5177
will be so bold as to (OED v1, 1); will venture to (OED v1, 3)
trust you.
426DrygroundAs I have trusted you with my whole
project,†gs182
something projected or proposed for execution; a plan, scheme (OED n, 5a)
My
discreet†gs1221
judicious, prudent; able to keep one’s silence (OED a, 1)
Alice, further than I dare trust
My
instrument†gg3084
"a person made use of by another [...] for the accomplishment of a purpose" (OED n, 1b); an agent, tool
your brother, though he thinks
He understands it all. Yonder he is,
Profoundly†gg5178
intensely, extremely (OED profoundly adv, 3)
love-struck†gg5179
overwhelmed by love; this is OED’s earliest citation, but earlier examples can be found in James Mabbes’ 1623 translation of The Rogue, and in Abraham Cowley’s collection of poems, Poetical Blossoms (London, 1633):
as fire,
Though but a spark, soon into flames is brought,
So mine grew great, and quickly mounted higher;
Which so have scorched my love-struck soul, that I
Still live in torment, though each minute die. (sig. B4v)
too, I make no doubt.
427[Frances]*n7858
] The speech prefix in the octavo reads ‘Fry.’, which is clearly a misprint (and has been corrected in some copies by early readers).
Fie! Can you be so lewd? Is that your reason?
428WatYes; can the parish parson give you better?
429FrancesHis parish bull’s as civil.†gs1222
orderly, well-governed (OED a, 7); civilised (OED a, 8); polite, well-bred (OED a, 9); humane (OED a, 11)
I’ll talk with your father about it.
431FrancesI with your sister, and
to better purpose.*n7859
with a better intention or aim; to greater effect
432DrygroundNow, Wat, what think you of my
course†gg29
way of proceeding, action; also trick, way of gaining money illicitly
and
habit?†gs1223
clothing, disguise
433WatAs I love mischief, and desire to live
by’t,†gg3896
by it: on account of it, because of it
It is the
daintiest†gg5180
best; most delightful (OED dainty a, 1); most delicately made (OED dainty a, 4)
course! O
brave†gs1224
intrepid, daring (OED a, 1a); excellent, worthy (OED a, 3)
sir Humphrey,
How I am taken with your
shape!†gs291
costume, appearance
Old Osbright,
The father of the
swingers,†gg5181
people who act ‘vigorously or forcibly’ (OED swinger n2, 1); see also OED swinger n1: rogue, scoundrel (OED’s examples are all Scots)
so much talked
on,†gs1225
about
Could ne’er
ha’†gg4039
have
borne it up so.*n7860
carried it off, maintained it
Nor his daughter,
That was French-born indeed, could e’er have
clipped†gg5182
mispronounced (clip: ‘to cut [words] short; to omit by indistinct or hurried utterance syllables and parts of words; to pronounce imperfectly’ [OED clip v2, 5b])
And
Frenchified†gg5183
made French: spoken in a French style, or with a French accent
our English better than
She
counterfeits†gg5184
pretends, simulates (OED v, 4); passes herself off (OED v, 5)
to
coxcombs†gg5185
fools (from the hat in the shape of a cock’s comb worn by a professional fool)
that do
court†gg5186
woo
her,
With her fine
‘Fee! Fee!’s,*n7861
Exclamations of ‘Fee! Fee!’ (‘Fie! Fie!’, said with a strong French accent).
and her
‘Laisse-moi!’s,*n7862
Exclamations of ‘Laisse-moi!’ (‘leave me!’) (French).
Her
‘Pre’ away!’s,*n7863
Exclamations of ‘Pre’ away!’ (‘Pray, away!’, i.e. ‘I pray you, [get] away!’).
‘Intrat-a you mak-a me blush-a’.*n7864
‘In truth, you make me blush’ (said with a strong French accent).
Oh, I am tickled†gg5187
pleased, made eager, excited
with it!
435Wat’Slid!†gs764
an oath, deriving from ‘God’s eyelid’. See Jonathon Green, Cassell’s Dictionary of Slang (London: Cassell & Co., 1998), s.v. ’slid! excl.
I could
dote upon*n7865
be excessively fond of, pay extravagant attention to
you! Had I been
Your son now, how I could have honoured you!
Though I had kept a precept†gg5188
rule for moral conduct (OED n, 1a): in this case the obligation on a son to honour his father
by’t I care not.*n7866
That is: even if I had kept to conventional rules of moral conduct (i.e. the requirement that a son should honour his father) in doing so I wouldn’t care.
436DrygroundNotable†gs1226
noteworthy, remarkable (OED a, 1)
reprobate.†gg3907
someone rejected by God or lost in sin (OED n, 1); ‘an abandoned or unprincipled person’ (OED n, 2)
Wrought*n7868
] Ought
me a mischief*n7867
That is: did wrong to me, committed a crime against me.
when he enabled that
Old
wretch,†gg4089
vile or contemptible person (OED n, 3); miser (OED n, 4); OED’s post-medieval examples of the latter meaning are largely Scottish, but this sense is found elsewhere, as in Abraham Fleming’s A Memorial of the Famous Monuments and Charitable Almsdeeds of the Right Worshipful Master William Lambe Esquire (London, 1580), sig. B1v: ‘Do you not remember that the Holy Ghost speaketh of a covetous miser, a wretch, a worldling, one that very busily occupied his head about enlarging his barns, that his soul might be more merry in the middest of his abundance’
my father to
beget†gg5189
generate, father
me. Oh,
’Tis in my bones;*n7869
That is: it’s in my very core, it’s in at the heart of my being; also alludes to the damage that venereal disease does to the bones, as the next lines make clear.
I feel it in my
youth.†gg5190
youthful wantonness, folly or rashness (OED 3)
I know from whence the
pox†gs1227
venereal disease, usually refers to syphilis
is now descended;
The gout†gg5191
‘a specific constitutional disease occurring in paroxysms, usually hereditary and in male subjects; characterized by painful inflammation of the smaller joints, esp. that of the great toe, and the deposition of sodium urate in the form of chalk-stones; it often spreads to the larger joints and the internal organs’ (OED n1, 1); the word can also be used to refer to venereal disease, as Williams notes (2: 612), ‘partly through confusion of symptoms, partly as euphemism’; however, Wat’s comparison depends on a clear distinction being drawn between gout and the pox, so it is unlikely that this sense is primary here
begets it.*n7870
Wat suggests that the characteristic disease of loose-living young men, syphilis, is the offspring of the stereotypical disease of older men (and in particular misers), the gout. This association between gout and the pox is found in other texts; Williams (2: 612) quotes Thomas Paynell’s translation of Ulrich von Hutten’s De Morbo Gallico (London, 1533): ‘some time the sickness [i.e. the syphilis] turneth itself into the gout, or into the palsy or into apoplexy and infecteth many one with leprosy, for it is thought that these infirmities be very neighbours one to another’ (sig. A5v). See also Falstaff’s comment in Shakespeare’s 2 Henry IV: ‘A man can no more separate age and covetousness than a can part young limbs and lechery; but the gout galls the one and the pox pinches the other, and so both the degrees prevent my curses’ (1.2.229-33).
There’s no usurer’s son
But ’s*n7871
But he’s (i.e. who is not)
born with an hereditary
spice†gg5192
touch or trace of a disorder or malady (OED n, 5a); dash or flavour (OED n, 5b) (OED notes that the latter meaning often carries with it a touch of the former)
on’t.
438DrygroundHad I raked
limbo,†gg5193
often refers to a region just outside Hell, to which the unbaptised and those born before Christ’s birth were relegated, but also (as here) refers to Hell in general; ‘limbo’ can also mean ‘prison’ or ‘confinement’, so the pun takes Dryground into his statement about the compter in the rest of this line
as I did the
compter,†gg3909
an obsolete spelling of ‘counter’ (a prison attached to a local magistrate’s court): used specifically in the seventeenth century to refer to London’s debtors’ prisons (OED compter; OED counter n3, 7)
I were not better
fitted†gs910
supplied, furnished
with a
copesmate.†gg5194
comrade, partner (OED 2); accomplice in cheating (OED 3)
439Wat’Slight!†gg5023
An expletive (a shortening of the phrase: "By God's light!")
I could ask you blessing.*n7872
i.e. as if he were Dryground’s son
That
courtesy†gs1228
act of politeness or consideration
you have seldom done your father.
441WatNe’er since I
grew to any understanding,*n7873
That is: reached an age at which I was capable of judgement or reason.
Nor (as I know) before, but whipped and held†gg5195
obliged to adhere (OED hold v, 7b), constrained, bound (OED hold v, 10)
to’t.†gg5196
to it
*n7874
That is: even when I was too immature to reason properly, I did not ask his blessing unless I was whipped and forced to (it).
To have the second
hand†gg5197
part, share (OED n, 3b)
in our great work,
Our project here. Though you must seem my servant,
You are like to have the better share, if you agree
Upon the
match,†gs898
marriage or marriage agreement (OED n1, 8a); bargain (OED n1, 9)
and make yourself my son.
How like you your new mistress, sir, my daughter,
The maidenhead here, the new
ordinary†gs1572
an establishment where meals were provided at a set price; OED notes that in the seventeenth century ‘the more expensive ordinaries were frequented by men of fashion, and the dinner was usually followed by gambling; hence the term was often used as synonymous with “gambling-house”’ (OED n, 11c)
–
The demoiselle,*n7875
All of these epithets refer to Frances: the first replaces her metonymically with her unbroken hymen, the physical evidence of her virginity; the second conflates her with the premises in which she apparently works, and where that virginity will apparently be on sale; the third sums her up in the French word for ‘maiden’ or a young woman.
or what you please to call her?
What, is’t a match, Wat?
Condescendeth she?*n7876
i.e. has she condescended to promise to marry you
443WatNo man shall be her husband but myself,
That she has
roundly†gg1199
plainly (OED 3a); completely, fully (OED 2)
promised. But she
baulks†gg5198
refuses: often used in the context of a horse shying or refusing to jump (OED balk v1, 3a)
And
boggles†gg5199
hesitates, raises scruples (OED boggle v, 2) ; quibbles, equivocates (OED boggle v, 3)
with me in a
less†gg5200
lesser, less important
request.
445WatYou may command her duty, if you please.
447Wat’Troth, sir, but one night’s knowledge†gg350
sexual intimacy (OED n, 7)
Of her
aforehand.†gg359
in advance
One word of your mouth
I know would do it, sir.
That can imagine this a father’s
office!†gg352
service, duty, employment, responsibility
Patience, good Wat.
449WatBut that I am afeard†gg5201
afraid, frightened
*n7878
i.e. if I wasn’t afraid that
My father would be pleased with ’t, I’d take home
My sister else, and
presently.†gg103
immediately (OED adv, 3); without delay
450DrygroundIn,
maids,†gg5202
girls
about your work. And hear you,
Frank,*n7879
Dryground frequently abbreviates Frances’ name as ‘Frank’, and he is the only one to do so. The abbreviation calls attention to the ambiguity of Frances’ name, and its appropriateness for the function that Dryground implies that she will have to fulfill. For further comment see [NOTE n5802].
Discharge the butcher’s and the
chandler’s†gg5203
chandler: a tradesman who manufactures and sells candles
bills.
They wait below. The baker and the brewer
I have made even with.
451FrancesAnd the vintner†gg451
a person who deals in or sells wine
too.
452DrygroundThe
bottle-man†gg5204
a servant or tradesman who has charge of bottles
too, and
tobacco-merchant.†gg5205
a tradesman who sells tobacco: tobacco is often assumed to be an essential purchase for gallants in early modern drama
Do as I bid you, go.[FRANCES and JANE exit.]
Now, Wat, observe men7880
The exchange between Wat and Dryground begins with a clear direction to Wat and the audience to listen carefully (‘Now, Wat, observe me’), and it is another example of Brome’s deft handling of exposition. There are certain facts (some of them misleading) that need to be conveyed to the audience at this point, but the playwright nonetheless ensures that the exchange between Wat and Dryground retains its dramatic interest and dynamic through the careful delineation of the relationship between Wat and Dryground. The tone can be varied. In this version of part of the exchange from the workshop on this scene it is kept relatively light through the shared laughter between Wat and Dryground, the little dance that Wat (Philip Cumbus) does as he says that he is ‘flying’ with the idea of the raffle, and the relatively tolerant air with which Dryground delivers the line ‘Here’s a ripe rascal!’ [DM 3.1.speech482]. In this version, the pace is somewhat slower, and the tone is darker, particularly in Dryground’s aside. In this third version, which extends to the entrance of Frances (Hannah Watkins) at [DM 3.1.speech489], the tone is darker still, Wat is more sexually aggressive. The exchange is disturbing in part because we have just seen Frances for the first time, and she enters interrupting Dryground, apparently oblivious to the scheme and its consequence. In this version, therefore, the proposed project does not seem merely abstract.
As
an ingenious critic*n7881
Martin Butler notes that the Caroline theatre audience is the first ‘to leave traces of widespread critical discussion of plays’ (Theatre and Crisis 1632-1642 [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984], 107).
would observe
The first scene of a comedy, for fear
He lose the plot.
454DrygroundI have, you know,
released you from*n7882
] released from
your
thraldom†gg808
captivity
Upon condition*n7883
i.e. upon the condition
you should steal your sister
To be
at my dispose.*n7884
That is: under my direction or management (OED dispose n, 2); under my control or power (OED dispose n, 3).
You have performed it.*n7885
This might be performed as if it is a complete statement, or Wat might interrupt him.
455WatHonestly,†gs1229
worthily (OED adv, 1); without fraud or falsehood (OED adv, 2)
sir.
And though it be for her own
absolute†gs1230
perfect, unlimited
good,
Yet was your act so
grateful†gg5206
agreeable, welcome (OED a,1)
to me that
I promised you my daughter.
458DrygroundI shall be brief. You know my
fortunes,*n10035
] Fortune (this correction is made by the reader of one of the British Library copies [G.18535])
Wat,
Are
sunk,†gg5207
swallowed (OED sink v, 2b); fallen, degenerated (OED sink v, 11); weighed down, crushed (OED sink v, 13); diminished, decreased (OED sink v, 15: OED's earliest citation is from 1655 but this sense may be intended here); reduced to ruin, destroyed (OED sink, v, 21)
and you have heard,
I make no doubt,*n7886
i.e. I don’t doubt: I am sure
’Mongst†gg4308
amongst
other of my follies, of a child
I
got†gs1262
begot, fathered
on Brookall’s sister
on the by,*n8026
on the side, i.e. illegitimately
Wat.
459WatAnd this is she. I love a bastard naturally;
Ah,
they*n8027
] thy
are
bouncing†gs1263
swaggering (see OED bounce v, 4a), vigorous
spirits!†gg5276
characters, people of a particular disposition (OED spirit n, 8a and 9)
Now I love her
More than I did, sir.
460DrygroundYou come fairly on.*n8028
That is: you’re showing promise; you’re getting the right idea. Compare Davenant, The Platonic Lovers (King’s Men, 1635; published London, 1636), in which Amadine declares of her suitor, ‘Indeed he’s grown more bold with me of late, / And will come fairly on in time’ (sig. H4r).
But now my poverty affords no
portion;†gg1143
dowry (monies, goods or lands brought by the wife to augment her husband’s estate on their marriage)
Now, Wat, to raise a portion!
And in this
habit†gg128
clothing
here turned
pimping†gg5277
someone who acts as or like a pimp (OED a1)
host,
To make
the most of her,*n8030
i.e. the most money I can from her.
and find a husband
To take her with all faults.
463WatThat’s I, that’s I, sir.
This has music in’t.*n8031
That is: this is pleasing (see OED music n, 9a). This line could be delivered as an aside.
464DrygroundYou will be secret,*n8032
i.e. you won’t talk indiscreetly
Wat.
465WatNo dumb bawd*n8033
From the point of view of a sexually irresponsible gallant, a bawd who was unable to speak would be the ultimate in discretion. Henry Shirley’s lost play The Dumb Bawd of Venice was performed at court on 15 April 1628 and entered in the Stationers’ Register on 9 September 1653 (see Bentley, Jacobean and Caroline Stage, 5: 1059), and the phrase may have had wider currency.
like me.
467WatIn troth†gg4108
truly
you cannot think how much I love it,
How I am
tickled†gg5187
pleased, made eager, excited
with it! Good sir, on.
468DrygroundThis I have designed
to put her off –*n8034
That is: to cast her off, to abandon her (OED to put off [in put v] 3b); to sell her (OED to put off [in put v] 9b); also means ‘to dispose of her fraudulently’ (OED to put off [in put v] 9a), and ‘to marry her off’ (OED to put off [in put v] 9b); and ‘to dismiss her (from employment or service)’ (OED to put off [in put v] 5b) any of which an audience (or Wat himself) might assume before Dryground says ‘I mean her maidenhead’
I mean her maidenhead – at such a
rate†gg754
price
Shall purchase land.
469WatHow, good Sir Humphrey, how?
470DrygroundShe shall be rifled†gg5278
gambled (rifle also means ‘despoil’ or ‘plunder’ [OED rifle v1, 1], and this sense hovers above the word’s use here)
for.
472DrygroundYes, rifled Wat; the most at three
fair†gs1264
successful (OED a, 14a); unobstructed (OED a, 16); open to view (OED a, 17)
throws,
With three
fair†gs1265
free from fraud (OED a, 10a): not loaded or otherwise tampered with
dice, must
win and wear*n8035
This is a proverbial phrase (Tilley W480), often used in the context of victory in battle: cf. William Warner, Albion’s England (London, 1597), ch. 22:
But since ye all (for all, I hope, alike affected be
Your wives, your children, lives, and land from servitude to free)
Are armed both in show and zeal, then gloriously contend
To win and wear the home-brought spoils, of victory the end. (p. 109 [sig. H7r])
Williams (3: 1580-9) notes that ‘wear’ is often used, as here, with the sense of to ‘draw on in coition like a garment’; see also Sir Amphilus’ comment of the missing Alice in Act 4 Scene 1 (speech 697): ‘It were good / You would let us have her again, and quickly too, / Ere she be worse for wearing, as we say’ [DM 4.1.speech697].
her, Wat.
You’ll take her with all
faults?†gs1266
(moral) imperfections (OED fault n, 3a); transgressions (OED fault n, 5)
It is the
rarest†gg5279
most unusual, most exceptional (OED a1, 5a); most excellent (OED a1, 6b)
invention, if the
gamesters†gg4146
gamblers; those who engage in sexual ‘play’
Be
stiff†gg5280
steadfast, resolute (OED stiff a, 8), with a double entendre on ‘erect’
and
straight,†gs1267
erect in stature (i.e. not deformed or diseased); honest
that ever was
projected!†gg5055
planned, designed
What is’t a man?
474DrygroundBut twenty pieces,*n8036
On Wat’s reckoning in speech 477 [DM 3.1.speech477] a piece is worth 20 shillings, or £1; in today’s money this is equivalent to roughly £85.
boy.
475WatI vow*n8037
I declare (used to strengthen an assertion: see OED vow, v2 2); the phrase is uttered five times in The Demoiselle, three times by Wat, who echoes Nicholas in The Weeding of Covent Garden, an equally disreputable young man, who uses it compulsively (and is echoed by the aspiring Clotpoll)
too little,
less†gg1689
unless
their number*n8038
i.e. the number of them
help us.
How many gamesters have you?
477WatTwo thousand pound!*n8039
In today’s money £2000 would be worth around £170,000.
A
merry†gs1268
pleasing, jolly; ‘merry’ can also mean ‘boisterous or cheerful due to alcohol’ (OED a, 4c), and a ‘merry bout’ was slang for a drinking session or sexual intercourse (OED a, S2); OED’s earliest example dates from 1668, but this usage appears in Walter Mountfort’s The Launching of the Mary (auspices uncertain, 1633), in which the drawer declares, ‘Here’s your wine, gentlewomen. Your handsel hath ever been lucky; ’twas a merry bout last time -’ (The Launching of the Mary, ed. John Henry Walter [Oxford: Malone Society, 1933], ll. 1935-6)
portion,
And worth as many maidenheads in the sport
A man shall find in spending it! Methinks*n8040
i.e. worth as many nights with (new and therefore expensive?) prostitutes as it will pay for.
I feel myself
even†gs1269
a common formulation in Early Modern English, meaning something like ‘just’, ‘nothing else but’, or ‘to be sure’, ‘forsooth’ (OED adv, 8b)
flying†gs1270
rising into the air (as if with joy)
with ’t already!
478DrygroundWhat art thou thinking, Wat?n8041
Wat evidently pauses after saying ‘I feel myself even flying with ’t already’, as there is a distinct change of tone between this speech and his next, which begins ‘That here may grow / A danger’. See this extract from the workshop on this scene for one way in which the pause and change of tone might be negotiated.
A danger, sir, the gamesters being so many.
480DrygroundWhy, there’s but one must use†gg868
have sex with
her.
481WatPhew!n8042
This is a sound of scorn (more like ‘pah!’, or a snort), rather than of relief - Wat is not worried about too many of the men trying to have sex with Frances, he is worried that they might start fighting one another. See this extract from the workshop on this scene.
For that
I were
indifferent,†gg5281
unconcerned
if ’twere all or more—
As it is possible a wench might bear it—
If they come single, and in civil sort,*n8043
That is: if it were all of the hundred gamesters, or even more, if the girl could withstand it, as long as they come one by one, and behave themselves.
Allow her breathing-whiles—†gg5282
breathing-spaces (OED breathing vbl. n, 10)
*n8044
i.e. to allow her to catch her breath.
482DrygroundHere’s a ripe†gs1271
fully developed (OED a, 2b); ‘fully informed; thoroughly qualified by study and thought’ (OED a, 4a); fully prepared (OED a, 7a); ‘ready or fit for some end or purpose’ (OED a, 7b); ‘quite prepared for action of some kind, esp. mischief’ (OED a, 7c)
rascal!n8045
This line could be an aside. Dryground has made similar remarks in the preceding sections of the scene, and most of them could either be delivered approvingly as direct comments to Wat, or as disparaging comments in asides. See this extract from the workshop on this scene, in which Robert Lister (reading Dryground) delivers the line as an aside to the audience; it might also be self-addressed.
483WatBut my doubt is that such a multitude
May fly into
combustion,†gg1924
disorder, commotion (OED 5b)
blow up†gg5283
expose, betray (blow v1, 27a)
all
The business†gs1272
i.e. the task we are engaged in
and our hopes.
Reflects upon my judgement: didst thou note
How quietly those gallants here today
Parted with their gold?
485WatYes, very gallantly.†gg5284
splendidly, in a way befitting a gallant; with exaggerated courtesy or politeness (OED adv, 4)
486DrygroundThey shall
agree†gg5285
assent (OED v, 8)
as well†gg5286
‘in the same way’ (OED well adv, 21); ‘as generously’, ‘as charitably’ (OED well adv, 2a); ‘as profitably’ (OED well adv, 6c); ‘as naturally’ (OED well adv, 8a); ‘as readily’ (OED well adv, 9a)
for the commodity,
As I have
cast†gs1273
designed (with a pun on ‘cast’ meaning ‘to throw dice’)
it, Wat, so well, my boy,
That no distaste shall be or
ta’en,†gg2156
taken
or given.
Anon†gg236
soon; immediately; in good time
you’ll see.
487WatShe knows not on’t†gg776
of it
you say.
488DrygroundNor shall she, Wat, till
at the push*n8046
That is: at the critical or decisive point (OED push n2, 4a). This puns on physical pushing, and ‘push’ is also used to allude to copulation (Williams, 2: 1119): in Middleton’s A Chaste Maid in Cheapside (Lady Elizabeth’s Men, c. 1613) the lovers are brought together with the help of an ‘honest chambermaid, / That helped all at a push’ (5.4.33-4).
I
charge†gs130
command
her
To be obedient in the
undertaking.†gg5287
enterprise; copulation (Williams, 3: 1457)
489WatAnd that’s a
sweet†gg2960
pleasing, agreeable
obedience. I could
kneel*n8047
i.e. to receive his blessing
Before my wretched sire
in such commands.*n8048
i.e. if he would only give me these kinds of orders.
Enter FRANCES.*n8049
] Enter Francis. (In early modern English, the spellings ‘Francis’ and ‘Frances’ are both used for men and women: for further comment on Frances’ name see [NOTE n5802]; on its various forms in the speech prefixes see [NOTE n8686].)
491FrancesThere are two gentlemen in the next room,
That
by all means*n8073
at any cost, without fail (OED mean n3, P5)
would speak with you. I have had
The foulest coil†gs1212
bother; disturbance, fuss (OED n2, 1 and 3)
*n7841
‘to keep a foul coil’ is a proverbial phrase (Tilley C503)
with one of ’em, that persuades
Himself you keep a
bawdy-house,†gg62
brothel
by
somewhat†gs1280
a certain amount of information (OED a, 1a)
He
gathered†gg5290
amassed (OED gather v, 3a); gained (OED gather v, 8); inferred, deduced (OED gather v, 10)
eavesdropping by your discourse here
While t’other held me talking, who is
civil,†gs1281
orderly, well-governed (OED a, 7); civilised (OED a, 8); polite (OED a, 9)
And loves me with a
modest†gg5291
‘becomingly diffident and unassuming; not bold or forward’ (OED a, 3a)
fair affection.
494DrygroundThen let them enter.
Whip†gs1282
move briskly; slip (OED v, 1b)
into
your disguise,*n8074
Wat’s disguise seems to involve a false beard, since in Act 5, Scene 1 he tells Valentine ’Twas I you saved / Out of the Temple suds’ [DM 5.1.speech958]), only for Valentine to ask ‘Hast thou been shaved since?’ [DM 5.1.speech959], to which he replies, ‘No, sir, I was disguised’ [DM 5.1.speech960].
Wat,
FRAN[CES] [exits].
And be at call.†gg5292
ready to answer a call, immediately available (OED call n, 14)
495WatPresto!†gg5293
at once
Anon,†gs1283
immediately
anon, sir.WAT [exits].*n8076
] Ex. VVat
496DrygroundDid they eavesdrop me? I will eavesdrop too.
Stands aside.*n8077
Unlike Oliver and Ambrose, who have apparently eavesdropped from off-stage, Dryground remains on stage while the young men talk; the audience are presumably therefore aware of his reactions to what they say.
Enter OLIVER [and] AMBROSE.*n8078
] Enter Oliver, Ambrose.
497OliverDid not I tell thee ’twas a bawdy-house?
498AmbroseI cannot think so yet; there is some other
Trick†gs1284
stratagem, crafty or fraudulent device (OED n, 1a)
in it. The maid you see is very modest.
499OliverThat is the
trick†gs1285
stratagem, crafty or fraudulent device (OED n, 1a), punning on ‘sexual act’ (Williams, 3: 1421)
on it, man, she must seem so.
Her father
deals†gs1286
trades (OED deal v, 13a), punning on ‘distributes cards to players’ (OED deal v, 7a); ‘deal’ is often used to refer to sex in mercenary terms and in terms of card-playing (Williams, 1: 370): see, for example, Edward Sharpham, Cupid’s Whirligig (King’s Revels, 1607; published London, 1607): ‘why thy husband is abroad in traffic for commodities [...] thou mayst deal at home for ready money’ (sig. L1v), and Brome’s own A Mad Couple Well Matched in which Lady Thrivewell notes that her husband has claimed to have ‘sat up with the three lady gamesters’ [MC 1.2.speech165] when he was actually carrying on his affair with Alicia Saleware, and when he confesses she comments, ‘Fair dealing still’ [MC 1.2.speech167]
for her.
500AmbroseFie!†gg63
exclamation of disgust or reproach
Can there be such fathers?
501OliverYes,
and such mothers too: the town’s too full of ’em.*n8079
i.e. London is full of mothers putting their daughters to prostitution.
Come, she’s a
juggling†gg5294
(a) cheating, deceptive, beguiling
whore I
warrant†gg859
assure, promise
thee,
For all her
‘fee! fee!’s,*n7861
Exclamations of ‘Fee! Fee!’ (‘Fie! Fie!’, said with a strong French accent).
and her
‘laisse-moi!’s.*n7862
Exclamations of ‘Laisse-moi!’ (‘leave me!’) (French).
Pox of†gs45
pox on/of (it): a plague on (an expletive)
her
counterfeit†gg3082
pretended, spurious, feigned, acted (OED a, 2)
gibb’rish!†gg5295
gibberish: unintelligible speech
I’ll make her speak
In
plainer English*n8080
That is: more straightforward or easily comprehensible language (OED plain English n, 1).
ere I ha’ done with her.
502DrygroundI have enough.*n8081
i.e. I have enough information; I have heard enough
[To OLIVER and AMBROSE] You are welcome, gentlemen.
503Oliver [To AMBROSE] He looks like such a
blade.†gs1287
gallant (used contemptuously); given that ‘blade’ is often used in sexual contexts, it is possible that it here means ‘pimp’
[To DRYGROUND] Are you the master here, sir?
504DrygroundI am the man*n8082
Dryground deliberately uses a heightened, over-the-top style here, and it is one that Oliver readily associates with his assumed role as a host/pimp. Compare the exaggerated style of the host, Blague, in The Merry Devil of Edmonton (King’s Men, c. 1603; revived at court in February 1631 and November 1638), and that of Goodstock (really, like Dryground, a gentleman in disguise) in Jonson’s The New Inn (King’s Men, 1629). For further comment on the relationship between The Demoiselle and The New Inn see the Introduction.
that’s much rejoiced to see
Such
sparkling†gg5296
brilliant, lively (especially in speech) (OED a2, 3 and 4): OED’s earliest citation for sense 4 dates from 1647, but see Dekker and Middleton, The Roaring Girl (Prince Henry’s Men, 1611), in which Sir Alexander refers to Mary Fitzallard’s ‘sparkling presence’ (11.259)
spirits†gs1288
people who have a certain kind of character (in this case ‘sparkling’) (OED spirit n, 9); dispositions (OED spirit n, 18b)
underneath this roof,
Where all you find is yours.
Sirrah†gs324
sir (authoritatively or contemptuously); often addressed to a boy or servant
varlet!†gs1289
servant, menial (OED 1); knave, rascal (OED 2): often used as an abusive form of address
505OliverEach syllable he speaks
bewrays†gg5297
exposes, reveals (his true character) (OED bewray v, 6)
him.
Enter WAT with wine.
508DrygroundGive me the
compliment.†gs1290
seems to refer to the wine which Dryground is about to give the gallants in welcome; OED’s earliest citation for this sense of ‘compliment’ (n, 3) dates from 1722; but compare Joseph Beaumont, Psyche, or Love’s Mystery, in XXIV Cantos … The Second Edition, with Corrections Throughout, and Four New Cantos, Never Before Printed (London, 1702), Canto 14, Stanza 69 (p. 214):
’Tis true, his lips were complimented by
A draught of wine; but ah, the compliment
Cruelly mocked him by the treachery
Of bitterness, which made his taste repent.
Besides, he had resolved to swallow down
No blood of grapes, till he had shed his own.
Gallants,
Wilt please you taste your welcome in a cup,
The spirit of whose
never-dying†gg5298
immortal
liquor,
Speaks o’er
the brim*n8083
i.e. the brim of the cup
in this
high†gs1291
lofty, exalted; luxurious; ‘high’ also means ‘intoxicated’ (OED a, 16b)
language to you?
Full six and thirty times hath
Luna†gg5299
the moon
waned
The strength she got in six and thirty growths
From Phoebus’†gg5300
the sun’s
virtuous beams, into this juice,*n8084
That is (as Oliver points out in his reply), the wine is three years old.
To make it
nectar†gs1292
the drink of the gods in classical mythology, also used to refer to wine and other drinks
for
Phoebean†gg5301
poetic or witty (from Phoebus [Apollo], the god of the sun, poetry and music in classical mythology): compare Jonson, ‘Over the Door at the Entrance into the Apollo’: ‘’Tis the true Phoebeian liquor, / Cheers the brains, makes wit the quicker’ (Ian Donaldson, ed., Poems [London: Oxford University Press, 1975], 372)
wits.
’Tis this inspires their brains with
fire divine,*n8085
i.e. poetic inspriation
By which to write
high†gs1293
exalted, lofty; heavenly
strains,†gg5302
tunes; songs or poems; strings of impassioned language (OED strain n2, 13c: OED’s earliest example is from 1649, but this sense may be present here)
and herein
lurks†gg5303
hides, is concealed
The gift one has to
bounce up†gg5304
talk up: boastfully proclaim the worth of
his own
works.†gg5305
acts, deeds; literary compositions
509OliverYour meaning is good
sack,†gg483
white wine from Spain: sack is derived from 'sec', and usually meant a dry white wine; hence Falstaff's enjoyment of 'sack and sugar'
and three years old.
To put you by your
beverage†gg5306
drink
and your
bombast,†gg5307
inflated or pretentious language (especially when used to talk about a trivial subject)
I will
nor drink, nor talk*n8086
not drink, nor talk (the first ‘nor’ here now sounds archaic, but would not have done so in the 1630s)
of other thing,
But the choice
thing†gg2841
a pejorative term for a woman (OED n1, 10a)
of things,*n8087
That is: of women (perjoratively) (see OED thing n1, 10a); ‘thing’ can refer to the penis, vagina or the act of copulation (Williams, 3: 1379), so ‘thing of things’ could mean a whore.
your daughter, sir.
510Dryground [Sings.*n8088
] Sing. (the stage direction appears in the right hand margin in the octavo)
] ‘Thou shalt not woo my daughter,*n8089
This song has a Scottish or Northern-English feel to it (see notes on the rest of the song for comments on individual words); the source and tune have not yet been traced. It possibly appears in other plays: Constance in The Northern Lass responds to Nonsense’s ‘If you will believe me lady’ with ‘Nor ne man for your sake’ [NL 3.2.speech488], and there may be some connection with one of Merrythought’s songs in Beaumont’s The Knight of the Burning Pestle (Queen’s Revels, c. 1607):
She cares not for her daddy, nor
She cares not for her mammy,
For she is, she is, she is, she is
My Lord of Lowgave’s lassie. (2.492-5)
nor ne†gs1294
no (often found in Northern English or Scots)
man for thy sake,
Unlass†gg5308
unless: Dryground’s song seems to require him to sing with an accent, so I’ve retained the octavo’s spelling (unlasse) here
thou come until†gg5309
unto; against (in the 1630s both may have been associated with Scots or Northern English speech) (OED prep, 1)
her by†gg5310
near, close to (OED prep, 1a); in the presence of (OED prep, 3a); apart from, away from (OED prep, 8b: this is Scottish usage dating from the sixteenth century)
her daddy naked.’†gs1295
nude or, perhaps more likely, wearing only underwear (OED a, 1a); poorly or inadequately clothed (OED a, 3a); destitute, without resources (OED a, 3b)
Her mammy’s†gg5311
mother's (especially used by and to children)
gone to Heaven, sir, and I pray*n8090
The inclusion of ‘sir, and I pray’ make it unlikely that these lines are part of the song, but they may incorporate quotations from it: for instance, Dryground’s ‘mammy’ suggests a continuation of the song’s lexis (and, possibly, its accent) and ‘fathers poor’ inverts the usual word-order in a quasi-poetic fashion.
Let fathers poor breed daughters as they may.*n8090
The inclusion of ‘sir, and I pray’ make it unlikely that these lines are part of the song, but they may incorporate quotations from it: for instance, Dryground’s ‘mammy’ suggests a continuation of the song’s lexis (and, possibly, its accent) and ‘fathers poor’ inverts the usual word-order in a quasi-poetic fashion.
511OliverYour care, no doubt, is great.
What will it hold?*n8091
The referent of ‘it’ here is ambiguous: Oliver’s next comment (‘The rifling, sir, I mean’) suggests that Dryground reacts as if he assumes that ‘it’ refers to Frances; this would give a pun on ‘hold’ meaning ‘bear’ or ‘endure’ (OED hold v, 3d) and ‘contain’ or ‘have capacity for’ (OED hold v, 5a).
The rifling, sir, I mean. Is your
number†gg211
‘the full count of a collection or company of persons’ (OED n, 8a)
full?
May not a man
put in,†gg5312
enter, offer himself as a candidate (OED put in, 3b [in put, v]); ‘put in’ is also sexual slang: cf. Marston et al., The Insatiate Countess (Queen’s Revels, c. 1611), in which Abigail tells Mizaldus, referring to her husband’s absense and the opportunity for adultery it provides, ‘He shall not be long out, but you shall put in’ (Four Jacobean Sex Tragedies, ed. Martin Wiggins [Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998], 2.1.121)
sir, for a
chance?†gs1296
opportunity, chance of success
Come in*n8092
That is: enter into the scheme, with a sexual pun on ‘come’.
adventurers?†gg5313
gamesters (OED adventurer 1); volunteers or soldiers of fortune (OED adventurer 3); people who undertake or share in commercial ventures (OED adventurer 4); people who live by their wits (OED adventurer 5: OED’s earliest citation dates from 1663, but something of this sense may be intended here)
Here are twenty pieces.
514DrygroundI find you have overheard me.*n8093
Dryground pretends not to know until now that he has been overheard.
[To WAT] Call my daughter.
Exit Wat
Now I’ll
disclose†gg5314
reveal
a secret to you. But gentlemen,
As you love
wit and mirth,*n8094
These words are often associated in Caroline texts: compare the title of John Taylor’s Wit and Mirth Chargeably Collected out of Taverns, Ordinaries, Inns, Bowling Greens, and Alleys, Alehouses, Tobacco Shops, Highways, and Water-Passages : Made up, and Fashioned into Clinches, Bulls, Quirks, Yerks, Quips, and Jerks (London, 1628); Brome himself uses it in The Antipodes, in which Doctor Hughball tells Diana that in the Antipodes
All wit and mirth and good society
Is there among the hirelings, clowns, and tradesmen,
And all their poets are puritans. [AN 1.3.speech199]
censure†gg5315
(v) judge
me
mildly;†gg5316
without anger or severity (OED adv, 1a)
I am a gentleman
decayed†gs1297
reduced, diminished
in fortune.
515OliverAnd canst thou be so
base†gg295
contemptible, degraded, unworthy
to sell thy child
To lust and impudence?†gs1298
shamelessness, immodesty
My child’s as dear in my
respect†gs1299
care, attention (OED n, 13c)
as you
Were ever to your father.
517AmbroseDevil, thou liest—Draw[s his sword].*n8095
] Draw.
518OliverNay, hold, good Ambrose; you
e’en†gs1300
even: just now
now were angry
With me, that did oppose your
fair†gs1301
flattering (OED a, 5a); kindly (OED a, 15)
construction
Of this good gentleman and his virtuous daughter.*n8096
This is to be delivered with heavy irony on ‘good’ and ‘virtuous’; Oliver may also deliver the word ‘gentleman’ in a sarcastic fashion.
519AmbroseMy ignorance wronged us both.*n8097
That is: did us both injury (OED wrong v, 1); treated us both unfairly (OED wrong v, 1b)
What do you think of this
discovery?†gs1302
disclosure, revelation, information
521DrygroundYou had discovered more if his
impatience†gs1303
lack of patience; irascibility (OED 1)
Had not
prevented†gs1304
outstripped (OED v, 5a); hindered, precluded (OED v, 8); deprived of a purpose, cut off (OED v, 10); frustrated (OED v, 11)
me. But now I am dumb to you
In all but this: if you’ll be pleased to
sup†gg5318
eat supper
here,
I shall
afford†gs1305
grant, have the means to offer
you welcome. I have
business.†gs806
affairs, concerns, tasks to attend to
[DRYGROUND] exit[s].*n8098
] Exit.
If
city justice,*n8099
i.e. the city’s legal authorities
grave†gs1306
influential, respected, authoritative (OED a1, 1); formidable (OED a1, 2b)
authority,
Protect it not, I’ll surely spoil the sport.
524OliverCanst thou be so malicious, that but now
Didst love this
wench†gs1307
young woman: also used to refer to a mistress or a whore (see OED n. 2; Williams 3: 1512-13)
so dearly, as to run her
Into the
hazard†gg1610
(n) risk of loss or harm (OED 3)
of correction?
Stay. Here she comes, and the
pimp whiskin†gs1308
pimp (OED whiskin 2); used here as an intensifier for ‘pimp’
*n8100
An image of a fashionably dressed ‘Pimp-wiskin’ appears on the frontispiece of Humphrey Mill’s poem A Night’s Search: Discovering the Nature and Condition of all Sorts of Night-Walkers, With Their Associates (London, 1640), jeering the unfortunate family of a man who has been lured away by a bawd.
with her.
Enter WAT [and] FRAN[CES].*n8101
] Enter Wat. Fran.
Do thou
take him in hand.*n8102
take charge of him
I’ll
handle†gs1309
manage; deal with (with a sexual pun deriving from the oldest meaning of ‘handle’: ‘to touch or feel with the hands, to pass the hand over, stroke with the hand’ [OED v1, 1a])
her.
[To FRANCES] Now, madam, twenty pound a man! Nay, do not
Coy it*n8103
That is: affect shyness (OED coy v1, 4a)
too much! Your
provident†gs1310
thoughtful; thrifty (OED a, 1a)
father left us
Is known to us already. Look upon us.
525FrancesPre’ ye†gg5319
pray ye: I ask you (said with a strong French accent)
sir, have you been ever in France?n8106
This is the first point at which we hear Frances speak with a strong French accent, which is specified in the octavo text with phonetic spellings. It might be handled in slightly different ways in performance, however. In this extract from the workshop on this scene, Hannah Watkins (reading Frances) uses a relatively light accent, whereas in this version it is more exaggerated, as Frances plays the French coquette.
526OliverIn France? No surely, nor
in doctor’s hands*n8107
That is: under the care of a doctor (Oliver picks up the association between France and syphilis, known as the French pox, and denies that he has ever been treated for venereal disease).
Since I was
placket-high.*n8108
A placket is an apron or petticoat, or an opening or slit in a garment which gives access to a pocket; it is therefore frequently referred to in sexual innuendo (see OED n1, 2; Williams, 2: 1048-51): ‘since I was placket-high’ could therefore mean ‘since I was a child’ or ‘since I began having sexual dealings with women’.
Why ask you, lady?
527FrancesFor, if you could speak
Fransh,*n8109
French (said with a strong French accent: this is the octavo’s spelling)
I could the better
Find what you say.*n8110
i.e. understand you
I can
no*n8111
i.e. not (said with a strong French accent)
understand
What ’tis you mean by price. What is that price,
If it be no Welsh gentleman?*n8112
Price was a stereotypical name for a Welshman; in the copy of the play in the Houghton Library, Harvard University, a seventeenth-century reader has added ‘de Prices live dere’ (sig. D5r) in apparent clarification of Brome’s joke.
The price of three throws for your maidenhead:
’Tis twenty pieces. If I win it (
hark you†gg5322
listen to me
)
What will you give me out of your
gross sum*n8113
i.e. the total sum amassed from the gamesters: puns on an alternative meaning of ‘gross’: coarse in morals or behaviour, lacking in decency (OED gross a, 15)
To take it neatly off,*n8114
i.e. to take her virginity in a skilful fashion
and like an
operator†gg5323
surgeon
Put you to*n8115
i.e. cause you
no pain?
529FrancesParlez français Monsieur, je vous prie.*n8116
Speak French, sir, I pray (i.e. I ask you) (French)
*n8117
] Parle Françoy Monsieur, Je vou prie.
530OliverThou art a
handsome†gs1311
clever, skilful (OED a, 2b); seemly (OED a, 3: said sarcastically); attractive (OED a, 6a)
hypocrite, and this
Cunning
becomes†gg1880
suits, befits, is proper
thee well. I’ll kiss thee for’t.
531FrancesFee, fee,*n8119
Fie, fie! (said with a strong French accent)
Monsieur! Oh, fee!
’Tis no good fashion*n8120
i.e. it’s not good manners; it’s not fashionable behaviour.
For the young man and maid to noting but kiss!*n8121
To do nothing but kiss (said with a strong French accent): i.e. to do such a thing as kissing, to occupy themselves only with kissing.
*n8118
Brome may deliberately echo the exchange between King Henry and Princess Katherine in Act Five of Shakespeare’s Henry V, in which Henry tries to kiss Katherine only to be similarly rebuffed.
532Oliver’Tis not so good indeed.
Nothing but kiss!*n8122
Oliver deliberately misunderstands Frances and takes ‘nothing but kiss’ to mean ‘not do anything more than kiss’.
A little
of t’one with t’other*n8123
i.e. of kissing with other sexual activities.
will do well.
533FrancesFee, fee,
you no understand.*n8124
i.e. you do not understand (said with a strong French accent).
That gentleman,
Speaks he no Fransh?*n8125
i.e. doesn’t he speak French? (said with a strong French accent).
534OliverYes, yes, he speaks no French.*n8126
Oliver again deliberately misunderstands Frances, interpreting her ‘Speaks he no Fransh’ as ‘he doesn’t speak French’.
535FrancesHeh!†gg5325
an exclamation of amusement or irritation
Monsieur, vous moquez de moi.*n8128
Sir, you are mocking me (French).
*n8127
] He Monsieur vou mocque de Moy.
536OliverOui, par ma foi.n8130
Yes, by my faith (French): i.e. yes, in truth; yes indeed. In performance, various things might be done with Oliver’s movement into French at this point. He obviously understands Frances’s ‘Monsieur, vous moquez de moi’, but his reply might be delivered in a way that suggests that his French is relatively fluent, as in this extract from the workshop, or with a strong English accent. In this extract from the workshop, Oliver says ‘Oui, par ma foi’ in a poor accent, and Frances mocks him by delivering ‘Je suis bien aisée’ in an equally strong English accent.
*n8129
] Owie par ma foy.
537FrancesHa!†gs1312
an exclamation of amusement, irritation or triumph
Monsieur, vous parlez français.*n8132
Sir, you speak French (French).
Je suis bien aisée.*n8133
The primary sense in the seventeenth century seems to be ‘I am very glad’, but it also means ‘I am put at ease’ and ‘I am very easy’ (the sense that Oliver assumes in his reply). Compare the ‘French bawd’ Margarita in Middleton’s Anything for a Quiet Life (King’s Men, 1621), who declares, ‘Mon cousin! Je suis bien aise de vous voir en bonne disposition’ (3.2.96-7), and language manuals such as John Eliot’s Orthoepia Gallica: Eliot’s Fruits for the French: Interlaced with a Double New Invention, which Teacheth to Speak Truly, Speedily and Volubly the French Tongue (London, 1593), in which a speaker meeting a friend says ‘je suis bien aise de vous voir en bonne santé’ (glossed as ‘I am very glad to see you in good health’) (sig. I1r).
*n8131
] Ha Monsieur vou parle francoy. Je sui’ bien aisie.
538OliverEasy!*n8134
Oliver (deliberately?) misunderstands Frances’ ‘Je suis bien aisée’ (‘I am very glad’ or ‘I am put at ease’) as ‘I am very easy’. He may do this because he understands French reasonably well, and knows that ‘aisé’ also means ‘easy’, or because the French and English words sound similar.
Yes, yes, I think you would be easy
To one that knew but how to
manage†gg5326
control, take charge of (originally refers to the training of horses: see OED v, 1a)
you,
For all the boast of your virginity.
540OliverMethinks you should. Come,
prithee,†gg262
(I) pray thee: (I) ask you; please
leave this
fooling,†gs1313
acting the fool, fooling around
I know you can†gs1314
are capable of; can speak (see OED v1, 8)
good English if you list.†gg1119
wish, please
n8135
In this extract from the workshop in this scene, Alan Morrissey (reading Oliver) delivers this line in a mocking imitation of Frances’s French accent.
541FrancesIndeed I can.n8136
Frances stops pretending that she cannot speak English fluently, but there are various options open to a performer here. An actor might continue to speak with a French accent, as in this extract from the workshop on this scene, or they might switch to an English accent. In this extract, the English accent used by Hannah Watkins (reading Frances) is slightly exaggerated: having performed the role of the French coquette, she now similarly performs Englishness. In this version, in contrast, the admission that she can speak English is almost forced from her by the physically aggressive approach of Oliver (Alan Morrissey). This version, although powerful in itself, would cause problems in context, as it is improbable that Ambrose would not intervene, given that he and Wat are conversing on the other side of the stage. In this version, therefore, Frances and Oliver remain in close physical proximity with each other, and the exchange is more intimate.
But,
in my best,*n8137
i.e. in my best English
and all,
I cannot understand you, sir, nor
frame†gs1315
compose, express (OED v, 8)
An answer to your rudeness. When you know me
Better, you’ll speak in better
phrase,†gs1316
manner of expression (OED n, 1); choice of words (OED n, 3)
and then
’Tis like you may find better language from me.
Till when, pray give me leave to leave you, sir.
542OliverNay,
hark you,†gg5322
listen to me
lady, hark you!
[Aside*n8194
] in the octavo text this section is in brackets
] Still more
mystical!†gg5355
mysterious
[Aloud ] Nay, since you can speak English, I must talk
w’ ye.†gg1196
with you
543FrancesSo†gg1766
so (that), so long as (OED adv and conj, 26a)
you’ll be civil.†gs1281
orderly, well-governed (OED a, 7); civilised (OED a, 8); polite (OED a, 9)
544OliverCivil, I swear, and private.†gs1324
discreet; ‘dependable in confidential matters’ (OED private a1, 13)
They go aside.
545AmbroseDoes she not know on’t,†gg776
of it
n8195
Brome here cuts between conversations (a common technique in his plays), fading out of the exchange between Frances and Oliver, and into that of Ambrose and Wat. Cutting to Wat and Ambrose at this point ensures that the audience are reminded of the plot to sell Frances’s virginity, and Ambrose’s horror contrasts effectively with Wat’s enthusiastic depravity. This extract from the workshop on this scene includes the transitions into and out of the exchange, and conveys the tone effectively.
say’st thou?
Not the least
inkling†gg5356
suspicion
of it. The old man
Carries†gs1325
conducts, manages (OED v, 22a)
it so discreetly.
Discreetly, say’st thou? To betray his child
To sale of her virginity?
She dreams of no such business, such intent,
No more than the
cud-chewing†gg5357
refers literally to the food that a ruminating animal (such as a cow) brings back into its mouth from its first stomach and chews (OED cud n, 1a); might also refer figuratively to meditating or ruminating
heifer†gg5358
a young cow that has not yet had a calf (OED 1a): Wat probably deliberately uses this word to suggest Frances’ current sexual inexperience
knows
The butcher that must knock her down,*n8196
Wat equates the man that will take Frances’ virginity with a butcher; ‘knock her down’ might be delivered with heavy sexual innuendo.
i’faith.
Oh, ’twill be
bravely†gg141
worthily; fearlessly; splendidly, handsomely (OED)
carried!†gg5359
managed, conducted (OED carry v, 22a); Wat may pun on alternate meanings: taken as the result of effort, won (OED carry v, 15a); borne, sustained (OED carry v, 26a)
I myself
Knew nothing till this hour, though I saw
Money put in his hand by
divers†gs509
various, sundry
gallants,
Men of
great place*n8197
high rank
and
worship,†gs1326
good reputation, honour (OED n, 1a); ‘holding a prominent place or rank’, dignity, importance (OED n, 3a)
which I
gather†gs1327
deduce, conclude (OED v, 10)
Are to be of the riflers.*n8198
i.e. among the gamesters
549AmbrosePrithee,†gg262
(I) pray thee: (I) ask you; please
who?
550WatAll must be
nameless.†gg5360
anonymous, deliberately left unnamed
There are lords among ’em.
And
some of civil†gs1328
civic, municipal (OED a, 4); sober, decent, grave (OED a, 10)
coat,*n8199
i.e. aldermen or other city officials
that love to draw
New stakes at the old game†gs1329
card games; amorous sport
*n8200
Williams (3: 1303) notes that ‘stake’ often refers to the penis or an erection; Wat suggests that the civic officials love to engage in illicit sexual activity.
as well as they;
Truckle-breeched*n8201
‘Truckle’ refers either to a pulley or a castor (as in a truckle bed: a bed on castors); the implication may be that the justices wear breeches that are longer than was fashionable in 1630s England, or that they appear to run on wheels in some way.
justices,†gg5361
judges or magistrates
and
bustling†gg5362
energetic; Brome uses the term ‘bustle’ in connection with the law elsewhere: see The Queen and Concubine [QC 5.3.speech1234]
lawyers
That
thrust†gs1330
push or force their way through, jostle (with sexual innuendo)
in with their
motions;†gg5363
in a legal context, applications ‘made to a court or judge by a party to an action or his counsel, to obtain some ruling or order of court (esp. an interlocutory injunction) necessary to the progress of the action’ (OED n, 13c); with sexual innuendo
muffled†gs1331
wrapped up; with their faces concealed (OED a, 1a)
citizens;
Old
money-masters†gg5364
moneylenders (OED money a, C2)
some that seek the purchase;
And
merchant venturers†gg5365
‘merchant[s] engaged in the organization and dispatch of trading expeditions overseas, and the establishment of factories and trading stations in foreign countries [...] member[s] of an association of such merchants incorporated by royal charter or other lawful authority.’ (OED merchant adventurer)
that bid for the
Foreign commodity*n8202
i.e. Frances, the goods or merchandise that the merchant venturers are seeking to win.
as
fair†gg5366
(adv.) nobly (OED adv, 1); courteously (OED adv, 2a); honestly (OED adv, 4); becomingly (OED adv, 5)
as any.
551AmbroseWas ever such an
outrage!†gg2559
violent injury, indignity, affront (OED n, 2a); excessively proud, foolish or presumptuous action (OED n, 3b)
Hark thee,†gg5367
listen to me
fellow—
They [talk] aside.*n8203
] They aside.
552FrancesSir, I have heard youn8204
In this rhetorically complex speech, Frances compares herself to a ship beset with various troubles, and her point becomes clear when she says ‘you may apply this’. Sea-faring imagery is often used in the context of prostitution. In James Shirley’s The Gentleman of Venice (Queen Henrietta Maria’s Men, 1639 [possibly premiered at Dublin c. 1637]; published London, 1655), Malipiero’s description of the courtesan Rosabella as ‘my wanton pinnace’ (a ‘pinnace’ is a small ship) leads into an extended dialogue in which Bernardo says that she is ‘Boarded by / Some man of war by this time’, Marino says that ‘She is spooned away’, and Malipeiro responds by saying
My top and top gallant gone? Ha! Are there pirates
Upon these coasts? Give fire upon the water-rats
And shoot pell-mell, fight as a whirlwind flings,
Disordering all (sig. D1v)
Frances’s speech might have a different effect in performance depending on whether she has maintained her French accent, or is using an English one at this point. In this extract from the workshop on this scene, Hannah Watkins (reading Frances) still speaks with a French accent; in this version, she has switched to an English accent. The second version has a greater intimacy and venom on Frances’s part: these effects could be achieved with the French accent, but it is possibly easier for an Anglophone performer to achieve them in their native accent.
with that patience
(And with no better) as the
troubled†gg5368
disturbed or afflicted, in this case by bad weather: the oldest meaning of ‘troubled’ is ‘physically agitated; of the sea, sky, etc., stormy; of water, wine, etc., stirred up so as to diffuse the sediment, made thick or muddy, turbid’ (OED ppl. a, 1)
pilot†gs1333
navigator of a ship
Endures a tempest or
contrary†gg5369
hostile, unfavourable
winds,
Who, finding
ne’ertheless†gg5370
nevertheless
his
tackling†gg5371
the rigging of a ship
sure,†gs1334
secure, firm
His vessel
tight,†gs1335
water-tight
and
sea-room†gg5372
room to manoeuvre a ship at sea (OED)
round about him,
Plays with the waves, and
vies†gg5373
displays, especially in competition with something (OED vie v, 4)
his confidence
Above the blasts of Fortune, till he wins
His way through all her
threat’nings†gg2506
threatenings: threats
to his port.
You may apply†gs1336
i.e. treat this as a lesson or moral; apply this example to your own behaviour (see OED apply v. 8, application 4.a): Frances suggests that Oliver’s attentions have been as bothersome as the misfortunes that might befall a ship
this.
553OliverAnd you may be plainer.†gg5375
more frank or straightforward, less cryptic
Is there not such a project for your
maidenhead?†gs1337
virginity
But to be rid of you, together with
The devil that
inflamed†gg5376
excited
you to that question,
Know, that knew I of such a plot or project,
Or that I had a father (as injuriously
You have suggested) could be so inhumane
To prostitute my
spotless†gg5377
pure, immaculate (OED a, 2)
virgin honour
To
lust*n8205
i.e. the lusts of others
for
salary,†gs1338
monetary reward
I would as sure prevent it,
As there is force in poison, cord, or steel,
At price of both our lives.*n8206
To some extent, Frances is acting the role of the virtuous maiden here, just as she acted the role of the French coquette earlier in the scene. See [NOTE n8204] for comments on the use of a French or English accent in this section of the scene.
Sir, I have said.*n8207
i.e. I have said all I am going to say.
[FRANCES] exit[s].*n8208
] Exit.
555OliverThis
wench†gs1339
young woman (often used pejoratively or dismissively)
amazes me. Could I believe now
There could be
truth†gs1340
honesty, virtue, integrity (OED n, 4)
in woman, I could love her.
556Ambrose [To WAT] Well, I’ll
make one.*n8209
i.e. be one of the gamblers
Meet me here two hours hence,
And fetch my twenty pieces.
557WatI will not fail you. In the Temple Walks.
[WAT] exit[s].*n8210
] Exit.
558AmbroseWhere, if I fit†gs1341
punish appropriately
you not—
559OliverNam!†gg4066
a diminutive of Ambrose or Abraham
What discovery?
560AmbroseA villany enough to blow the house up.*n8211
A common image of ill-doing, possibly inspired in part by the Gunpowder Plot. Compare the language of Moll’s comment in The Roaring Girl on the subject of ‘a justice in this town, that speaks nothing but “Make a mittimus, away with him to Newgate”, used that rogue like a firework to run upon a line betwixt him and me [...] to lay trains of villainy to blow up my life: I smelt the powder, spied what linstock gave fire to shoot against the poor captain of the galley-foist, and away slid I my man like a shovel-board shilling’ (10.11-14, 16-19).
561OliverAnd I have found (I think) a virtue that
Might save a city.*n8212
Oliver’s comment underlines the distance that he has travelled in this scene, and the ways in which his easy cynicism has been shaken by Frances.
But
let’s hence.*n8213
i.e. let’s go
We may
Confer our notes together by the way.*n8214
i.e. compare notes on what we’ve just learned.
[They] ex[it.]*n8215
] Exeunt.
3.2
[Enter] BUMPSEY, MAGDALEN, [and] JANE, all in brave†gs1342
splendid, showy, fashionable
clothes.*n8217
The family enter in their new clothes, Jane’s purchased by Valentine, and those worn by Bumpsey and Magdalen purchased by Bumpsey, who is clearly entering into the spirit of his agreement with Valentine.
*n8216
] Bumpsey, Magdalen, Jane, all in brave Cloaths.
562BumpseyNay, nay, I know he
is flown out,*n8218
That is: has exploded ‘or burst out into extravagance in conduct, language, or temper’ (OED fly v1, 8e)
and I
Am
prettily†gs1343
puns on ‘ingeniously, skilfully’ (OED adv, 1a), ‘attractively, charmingly’ (OED adv, 2a) and ‘considerably’ (OED adv, 3)
provided for
like flight,*n8219
This picks up ‘flown out’: Bumpsey is saying that he will engage in similarly extravagant behaviour to that of Valentine.
And if I do not
pitch†gs1344
aim; ‘To set in order for fighting’ (OED pitch v2, 18a); ‘To set at a particular rate or level (as high, low, etc.)’ (OED pitch v2, 21a); compare Mother in The Revenger’s Tragedy:
O see, I spoke those words, and now they poison me.
What will the deed do then?
Advancement? True — as high as shame can pitch!
For treasure, whoe’er knew a harlot rich? (4.4.136-9)
as high, and
souse†gs1345
drink (alcohol), drench oneself in alcohol
As deep as he,
while there is game to fly at—*n8220
That is: while there is gambling to be done, with a pun on ‘game’ as referring to the quarry in falconry; Williams (1: 520) suggests that the phrase is ‘allusive of copulation’.
Five hundred pieces*n8221
This would be worth around £42,900 in today’s money.
he
took out,*n8222
i.e. took with him
you say?
563JaneAnd said he would
venture†gs1346
risk, hazard
’t at the
ordinary.†gs1572
an establishment where meals were provided at a set price; OED notes that in the seventeenth century ‘the more expensive ordinaries were frequented by men of fashion, and the dinner was usually followed by gambling; hence the term was often used as synonymous with “gambling-house”’ (OED n, 11c)
564BumpseyThat’s he, that’s he!*n8223
i.e. that’s the behaviour I expected from him.
Why, this is excellent.
To have walked moneyless, you saw, but you
Would force him.
At a word†gs1347
to speak plainly, to be honest (can also mean ‘in short’ or ‘briefly’)
you did,
la,†gg4314
an exclamation used ‘to call attention to an emphatic statement’ (OED int.)
Bump.
566BumpseyI force him,
ha?†gg2643
a versatile exclamation which can express surprise, wonder, joy, suspicion, indignation, etc., depending on the speaker’s intonation (OED int, 1)
567MagdalenAye,*n8224
] I
at a word, you put it in his head,
And
put the sword into the madman’s hand,*n8225
A proverbial phrase: see Tilley L156, ‘Learning in the breast of a bad man is as a sword in the hand of a madman’ and P669, ‘Ill putting (put not) a naked sword in a madman’s hand’.
As one would say.*n8226
Magdalen calls attention to the fact that she is repeating a proverbial expression.
568BumpseyGood Mistress At-a-Word,*n8227
Bumpsey turns Magdalen’s catchphrase back at her.
Let not your
fine French frippery,†gg5378
finery, fashionable clothing
*n8228
This description suggests that the ‘brave’ clothes that the Bumpseys and Jane are wearing are in the fashionable French style. For further discussion see the Introduction.
which I bought,
Turned o’th’*n8229
summoned from the
tailor’s hands
(as one would say),*n8230
Bumpsey again mimics Magdalen.
Huffle†gg5379
‘to puff up, inflate, or elevate with pride’ (OED v, 2a; The Demoiselle is OED’s earliest citation)
you up to
sovereignty.†gg3927
rule, supremacy, authority
Nor your
coach,*n8231
Like the new clothes, the coach is a symbol of Bumpsey’s desire to follow Valentine in fashionable behaviour and spending.
Which I have but
bespoke,†gg5380
ordered
whirl†gg5381
rush, sweep
you away,
Before ’tis finished, from obedience.
569MagdalenGood lack!†gg5382
an exclamation along the same lines as ‘good heavens!’ or ‘good grief!’
Fine gentleman, that wears the purchase
Of a pawned forfeiture. Must I not speak, trow?†gs1348
do you think?; I wonder?
*n8232
Magdalen is perhaps suggesting that Bumpsey has bought his fine new clothes second-hand (which would mean that he was not keeping up his side of the bargain properly).
570BumpseyExcellent Magdalen!*n8233
Bumpsey again mocks Magdalen, but at the same time he seems to be admiring her performance.
572BumpseyAnd speak
allowed,†gs1349
with approval (OED ppl. a, 1); speak with permission (from authority) (OED ppl. a, 2)
too, will you, Magdalen?
573MagdalenAye,*n8234
] J
at a word; since you have
put me to’t,*n8235
i.e. incited me to this course of action
I will
uphold†gg5383
maintain at the same level (OED v, 2c); support in the face of criticism (OED v, 4)
the fashion, learn and practise
Aye,*n8237
] J
at a word, I will, la, that I will.
574BumpseyThis is most excellent! My old
beast†gs1350
‘A human being under the sway of animal propensities’ (OED n. 4.a); used here as a rather abusive endearment
is
Infected with the fashions:
fashion-sick!†gg5388
made sick by fashion; compare Thomas Bancroft, ‘To London in Time of Pestilence’, in Two Books of Epigrams and Epitaphs (London, 1639):
the roaring boys I see
Put women down with man-less luxury,
Still to be fashion-sick, and drink, and swear,
And rage, as if they Stygian monsters were (sig. G1v)
Pray,
Ma-dame,*n8238
Bumpsey addresses Magdalen mockingly with the French equivalent of ‘Mistress’: the octavo’s spelling and punctuation (retained here) probably indicate the pronunciation that Brome had in mind.
take your
course,†gs773
method of proceeding, way of acting (OED n, 22a)
uphold your fashion,
And learn and practise carriage
to*n8239
i.e. matching up to
your clothes.
I will maintain my
humour,†gg4694
whim, caprice (OED n, 6)
though all split by’t.*n8240
‘Split’ can mean to suffer shipwreck, and ‘all split’ means to go to pieces: this line suggests that Bumpsey is aware that his actions may be putting his family at risk, but he nevertheless vows to continue.
Enter [SECOND] SERVANT.*n8241
] Enter Servant.
576BumpseyI’faith, I will. Ma-dame.*n8242
Bumpsey again addresses Magdalen sardonically, here as he takes his leave of her.
[BUMPSEY] exit[s] with [SECOND] SERVANT.*n8243
] [Exit with Ser- / vant.] (in the octavo the direction appears in the margins of lines 1608-9 [DM 3.2.lines1608-1609]).
Reports of a
rare†gs895
exceptional; splendid
creature†gs1351
human being; OED notes that it is often used in ‘admiration, approbation, affection, or tenderness’ (3b)
come to town,
Of a French breed,*n8244
i.e. of French birth or lineage (though the use of ‘breed’ and ‘creature’ together suggest something inhuman about Frances).
a
demoiselle,†gs1352
young woman; as elsewhere in the play, the French word is used deliberately
that
professeth†gg5389
is expert in, makes her business (OED profess v, 6)
The teaching of
court-carriage†gg5390
the kind of behaviour and deportment thought appropriate to the royal court
and behaviour.
The rarest he says—
578MagdalenCan she teach the elder sort?†gs297
kind, sorts of people
579JaneAll ages from six years to sixty-six.
Unless they be
indocible†gg5391
unteachable (OED a)
he says.
581JaneStiff i’ the hams,†gg5392
backs of the thighs and buttocks
*n8245
Jane seems to interpret ‘indocible’ (unteachable) as ‘inflexible’.
I think.
I can yet bow my
haunches,†gg5393
the part of the body between the last ribs and the thighs (OED)
come and go
With them
as nimbly as the barren doe.*n8246
A barren doe is one that has never had a fawn, or which has lost it early in the spring and goes without one for the rest of the year; it might therefore have more freedom of movement, not being constricted by the need to tend to a fawn. Magdalen may have in mind a song in Thomas Heywood’s The Golden Age (Queen Anna’s Men, c. 1610; published London, 1611), in which Diana and her followers sing ‘Come to the forest let us go, / And trip it like the barren doe’ (sig. D4r), as she sings a song about Diana later in the play, in [DM 5.1.speech901]. There is an unconscious double-entendre here; Williams (1: 399) notes that the phrase is often used in descriptions of whores or promiscuous women, and Magdalen therefore implicitly asserts that she is not too old to indulge in illicit sexual activity.
My gimbals†gg5394
‘joints, connecting links (in machinery)’ (OED gimbal 2)
don’t complain for want of oil yet.*n8247
Magdalen again speaks with (unconscious?) sexual innuendo: on a literal level she is commenting that her joints are still well lubricated (i.e., she still has no trouble moving), but ‘oil’ in sexual slang often means semen (see Williams, 2: 971-2); compare the use of a similar phrase in the context of dancing in Robert Armin’s The Two Maids of Mortlake (King’s Revels, 1607-8; published London, 1610), in which Sir William comments, ‘O sir, pardon me. / My joints were oiled to pleasure, but now, not’ (sig. B3v).
We’ll have
this madame;*n8248
i.e. Frances, but there is again unconscious sexual innuendo as the term ‘madam’ was widely used to refer to a whore or bawd (Williams 2: 838-9).
and
we will be madames*n8249
Magdalen means that she and Jane will be French-style ladies, but there is again an unconscious pun on the alternative meaning of ‘madam’: whore.
Ourselves, or it shall cost us each a
crown†gs1353
a coin (once gold, subsequently silver) to the value of five shillings; probably with sexual innuendo, as the metaphorical horns of the cuckold are often referred to as a ‘crown’ (see Williams, 1: 337)
A month the teaching. In a month we may,
Practising but one hour in a day,
Be madames, may we not?
583JaneYes, if we give our minds to’t, and but steal
Fit times to practise.
584MagdalenWe’ll find lecture†gg5395
lesson, or a moral talk less formal than a sermon, delivered outside a regular church service; also refers to a sermon delivered by a ‘lecturer’ (OED n, 4b); there is again a sexual pun, as ‘lecture’ is often used in the context of sexual misdemeanours (Williams, 2: 794-5)
times,
Or
baulk†gs1354
avoid or shun
Saint Antlins*n8250
The church of St Antholins, on the north side Budge Row in the city of London. Sugden (Topographical Dictionary, 20-1; s.v. Antholins [St.]), notes that ‘A number of clergymen of Puritan views established a morning lecture here in 1599’; the church and, particularly, its lectures and sermons, are mentioned in a number of Jacobean and Caroline plays.
for’t the while. But
mum.†gg1683
be silent
Enter BUMPSEY [and] VERMIN.*n8251
] Enter Bumpsey, Vermine.
585BumpseyDo you wonder at my
bravery?†gg41
'finery, fine clothes' (OED 3b); showy attire (worn with an air of bravado)
Look you here:
This is my wife, and this my daughter, sir.
You have lost yours, you say, perhaps for want
Of
hufty-tufties,†gg5396
finery (OED n, a); cf. Thomas Nashe, Lenten Stuff (London, 1599): ‘huftytufty youthful ruffling comrades wearing every one three yards of feather in his cap for his mistress’s favour’ (sig. D3r)
and of
gorgets†gg5397
the word ‘gorget’ can refer to a piece of female clothing covering the neck and breast, such as a wimple (OED gorget n1, 2); a necklace (OED gorget n1, 3); or a piece of armour worn around the throat (OED gorget n1, 1)
gay.†gg5398
‘bright or lively-looking, esp. in colour; brilliant, showy’ (OED a, 2a)
Ha! Is’t not so?
586VerminThe world’s turned prodigal!†gg3002
extravagant, recklessly wasteful
You do not well*n8252
i.e. you are not behaving well; you are being unkind.
to mock me when I come
For
comfort†gs1355
aid, support; consolation
and advice.
My best advice is, since your daughter’s gone
To turn your son after her. He
lies not in*n8253
is not imprisoned
For much above a hundred pound. Pay it,
And let him
take his course,*n8254
proceed in his usual way
if he be not
Got loose already. Then (observe my counsel)
Spend you the rest of your estate yourself
And save your heirs
the sin.*n8255
i.e. the sin of prodigality and/or the iniquity that inheriting Vermin’s fortune might bring them.
It is the course
I have
in hand†gs1356
in preparation
and mean to follow it.
You like it not (it seems)*n8256
This line may indicate Vermin’s facial expression and/or body language during Bumpsey’s speech.
but thus it is
When men advise for nothing; had your lawyer
Now, for his fee, given counsel might have damned you,
You would have thought it worth your gold, and followed it.
Will you go with me to an
ordinary?†gs1572
an establishment where meals were provided at a set price; OED notes that in the seventeenth century ‘the more expensive ordinaries were frequented by men of fashion, and the dinner was usually followed by gambling; hence the term was often used as synonymous with “gambling-house”’ (OED n, 11c)
Venture
five hundred or a thousand pieces*n8257
In today’s money, £500 would be worth around £42,900 and £1000 would be worth around £85,800.
To begin a new world with?
588VerminMistress Bumpsey, I take it you are she.
589Magdalen [Aside] An old ape has an old eye;*n8258
This is a proverbial expression (Tilley A272); it also appears in William Rowley’s A Match at Midnight (Revels Company, c. 1622) and Robert Chamberlain’s The Swaggering Damsel (Beeston’s Boys, c. 1639).
He knows me through all my
cuts and slashes.*n8259
Cuts and slashes in clothing, revealing the fabric of a lining or under-garment, were fashionable decoration in the early seventeenth century, especially among courtiers; see John Harington’s mock prophesy, ‘A Prophesy when Asses Shall Grow Elephants’, which includes the lines: ‘When monopolies are giv’n of toys and trashes: / When courtiers mar good clothes with cuts and slashes, / When lads shall think it free to lie with lasses’ (The Most Elegant and Witty Epigrams of Sir John Harington, Knight [London, 1618], sig. D5r). The Victoria and Albert Museum’s collections include a men’s formal ensemble from the mid-1630s which has been ‘pinked’ (or cut) and an earlier women’s gown dating from c. 1600-1615 with slashes. Magdalen may also continue her unconcious sexual innuendo here; Williams (1: 357-8) notes that ‘cut’ can refer to a whore or to the genitals.
590VerminHow long, I pray, has my good friend your husband
Been thus distracted?†gg2573
maddened, deranged
591MagdalenBut when I am perfect†gs424
fully prepared, completely rehearsed
In the
quaint†gs1357
courtly, refined (OED adj, 4a); strange, unusual, unfamiliar; curious, remarkable; mysterious (OED adj, 8); proud, vain (OED adj, 7)
courtly
carriages†gg5399
ways of bearing oneself; deportments
that belong
Unto this habit, in which, I confess,
I am yet but
raw,†gg3417
unripened, unready, in a natural state not yet fashioned into something more sophisticated
how will you know me then?
593BumpseyHow ladylike she talks!*n8260
Bumpsey continues to enjoy Magdalen’s performance.
594MagdalenOr,
now my black bag’s on,*n8261
A black bag seems to have been a item of head-gear which could function as a veil, like those worn in one of Hollar’s engravings in Ornatus Muliebris Anglicanus or The Several Habits of English Women, From the Nobility to the Country Woman, as They are in These Times (London, 1640) or the picture of Tanakin Skinker on the titlepage of A Certain Relation of the Hog-Faced Gentlewoman Called Mistress Tanakin Skinker (London, 1640) [IMAGEDM_3_1]. Within the text itself, the author comments, ‘One thinks with himself, so the body be handsome, though her countenance be never so course and ugly, all are alike in the night; and in the day time, put her head but in a black bag, and what difference betwixt her and another woman?’ (sig. B1v). The fashionable status of the garment in the late 1630s and 1640s is suggested in Henry Neville, A Parliament of Ladies (London, 1647): ‘“why, what dost thou long for?”, said my husband. “For that”, quoth I, “which is beyond your reach, iwis: silk gown and satin petticoat of the fashion, an Italian cut-work handkerchief, and a black bag, with all the appurtenances thereto belonging”’ (sig. B2r). The earliest reference that I have been able to find is in a description of French women in John Taylor’s The Complaint of Christmas, and the Tears of Twelfthtide (London, 1631): ‘The women were well-faced creatures, but like our melancholy gentlemen, who are in danger of a man-catching sergeant, they seemed afraid to show their faces, and therefore they hid their heads in black bags, like lawyers’ declarations; the difference is that the lady’s bag is silk, and the lawyer’s buckram’ (p. 5; sig. B3r). The fashion seems originally to have been French, and it spread to England in the early 1630s. It is also mocked in The New Academy [NA 1.1.speech 141]. (A black bag is also mentioned in Dekker, Ford and Rowley, The Witch of Edmonton, first performed by Prince Charles’s Men in 1621, but it is possible that this is a later interpolation, since the play was not printed until 1658.) Magdalen probably puts the black bag over her head as she says this, removing it again when she says ‘Boo!’ in the next line.
I
hold†gs191
bet, wager
a penny
You do not know me. Boo! Who am I now?
595VerminMost
unrecoverably†gg5400
irrecoverably
mad! Young gentlewoman—
Nay, I entreat your
favour†gs1358
pardon; goodwill
for an answer—
As you can pity a wronged man’s distress,
Give me what
light†gs1359
explanation (often used figuratively to refer to mental illumination or elucidation) (OED n, 6)
you can of my lost daughter.
You have been
inward†gg5401
intimate
always, and
partook†gg5402
shared
The
nearest†gg5403
closest, most intimate
of her counsels. Tell me fairly.
I do beseech you in this gentle way,
Though I
profess†gg5404
declare, acknowledge
I have a strong
presumption†gs1360
grounds for believing (OED n, 4); ‘belief based on available evidence’ (OED n, 3a)
Against your husband and his young
associates†gg5405
companions, confederates
I met today, and bore their mocks and taunts,
On which I have good
ground†gs1361
valid reason, justifying motive (OED n, 5c)
for a
strict†gs1362
‘Rigorously maintained, admitting no relaxation or indulgence.’ (OED a, 10)
course†gs773
method of proceeding, way of acting (OED n, 22a)
To force ’em to
examination.†gs1363
judicial enquiry; formal interrogation
Yet I entreat, you see.
Quite upside down, else I should wonder
How you could make requests, that have got all
You have (too much) by
rapine†gs1364
seizing the property of others, pillage
and
oppression.†gg5406
cruel and exploitative treatment of others
597VerminDo you
upbraid†gg4541
reproach, find fault with
me?
599JaneThe fox here learns to sing.*n8262
Possibly refers to Aesop’s fable in which a fox tricks a crow out of a piece of cheese by praising his voice and making him open his beak to sing; Alice suggests that the crafty fox has been reduced to the status of one of his victims. See also Tilley F656: ‘When the fox preaches, beware the geese’.
600MagdalenI’ll
fox†gg5407
either (1) trick (OED v, 1); or (2) force by using a fox (a kind of sword) (OED v, 3)
him out o’th’ hole if he sing here.
Will no prey serve you but new married wives, fox?*n8263
Williams notes that the fox is a ‘virility symbol’ and an emblem of lechery (1: 538); Magdalen seems to pick up Jane’s Aesopian reference to the fox and turn it into a suggestion that Vermin is a lustful old fox preying on her young daughter.
602JaneI heard you, sir, with too much patience,
Abuse my husband with your foul suspicion,
Who is as
clear,†gs1365
innocent
I know, from wronging you
As your own son.
603VerminYour mocks†gg5408
insults, acts of mockery
are monstrous.
Were not he
fast†gg255
secure
enough I would resolve
No other
friend†gg5409
acquaintance; family member; sympathiser, supporter (used ironically)
had robbed me.
604MagdalenIs your son a
friend?†gs1366
mere acquaintance
At a word, he’s like you.
Enter Sir AMPHILUS [and SECOND] SERVANT.*n8264
] Enter Sir Amphilus, Servant.
605Amphilus [To [SECOND] SERVANT] I pray, if my man ask for me, send him to me, by your master’s leave.
[To BUMPSEY] By your leave, sir, I
made bold to follow*n8265
took the liberty of following
a father-in-law of mine that should have been into your house here, with much
ado†gg5410
fuss, business
to find it. Any good news, sir, yet? Ha’ you heard of her?
I cry†gs1367
entreat, beg
these ladies’ mercy.*n8266
Sir Amphilus apparently notices the women for the first time, and begs their pardon for having ignored them.
Though you may take me for a clown, I must not forget I am a knight, and
give you the courtesy of my lips—*n8267
Sir Amphilus probably kisses the women’s hands, although it is possible that he makes the old-fashioned gesture of kissing them on the lips (or attempting to do so). Kissing the hand was a mark of courtesy, but could also be the first stage in courtship; kissing someone on the lips had been an accepted non-sexual greeting in the sixteenth century, but it seems to have become more sexualised in the seventeenth century.
606BumpseyIn the name of
peasantry,†gg5411
peasants collectively (OED n, 1); rusticity, vulgarity (OED n, 2)
what knight art thou,
If not the Knight of the Ploughshare?†gg5412
‘the large pointed blade of a plough, which, following the coulter, cuts a slice of earth horizontally and passes it on to the mouldboard’ (OED)
*n8269
A title which many would have assumed to be oxymoronic; compare Francis Beaumont’s play The Knight of the Burning Pestle (Queen’s Revels, 1607-8; revived c. 1634-6 by Queen Henrietta Maria’s Men at the Cockpit), in which the hero is a grocer’s apprentice. Cf. also the proverbial phrases, a knight of the collar or halter (Dent K159.11) and a knight of the post (Tilley K164).
*n8268
Bumpsey is not persuaded by Sir Amphilus’s denial that he is a ‘clown’.
607MagdalenA fine spoken, and a well-bred man, at a word. He called us ladies. To see what apparel can do! How long might I have trudged about in my old
coats†gg5413
petticoats, or skirts of a dress (OED n, 2a)
before I had been a lady? And then he would do us the courtesy to kiss us! Sure, sure,
as courtesy makes a knight, so clothes makes a lady.*n8270
This has a proverbial ring, but it is not to be found in the collections of Dent or Tilley.
608AmphilusIt seems she’s lost, then. All
ill†gg5414
(n) evil (OED ,. 1); ill will, unfriendly feeling (OED n, 3a); misfortune, calamity (OED n, 5a)
go with her.
609BumpseyWhat
old*n8271
This may suggest that either Sir Amphilus’ clothing or behaviour would be more appropriate to a younger man; alternatively, ‘youth’ can also refer to youthful folly or rashness (OED 3), so Bumpsey may be using it as a synonym for ‘fool’.
youth can this be?
610AmphilusYour warrant, perhaps, may find her though. And I tell you what, I ha’ sent my man to
lay†gg5415
(v) search (OED v1, 18c)
the ducking ponds for her.
612AmphilusWho knows what
toy†gs1368
whim, foolish fancy
might take her? Is she not a woman, as other flesh and blood is? I had another occasion to one that
belongs to*n8272
i.e. has business at, has a connection to
the ponds; I tell you as a friend,
I had not sent else.*n8273
That is: otherwise I would not have sent Trebasco there.
Come, father-in-law that should have been;
hang sorrow.*n8274
i.e. sorrow be damned
You have had but one loss today. I have had two. I’ll gi’t you in rhyme:
My mare and my mistress I lost on a day,
T’one of ’em died, and t’other ran away.
613JaneYou are
acquainted among*n8275
familiar with; have friends among
the poets it seems, sir?
614AmphilusTruly, but one that’s a
gamester†gs1369
gambler
amongst us at the ducking-pond: a
cobbler,†gg5416
someone who makes his business from mending shoes
but the
neatest†gg5417
most skilful
fellow at poetry that ever was
handicraftsman†gg5418
someone with a manual occupation
and no scholar,
to enable him by learning to borrow of the ancients.*n8276
i.e. to give him enough learning to be able to plagiarise from classical authors.
Yet he is a translator too. And he makes the sweetest
posies†gg5419
poems, especially short ones
for
privy†gg5420
small buildings or rooms used for privies (lavatories) (OED privy house n)
houses.
616BumpseyWhat a youth’s this for a knight!*n8277
Bumpsey again either scorns Amphilus’ behaviour as unsuitable for a man of his age, or labels him as a fool.
Enter TREBASCO.
617AmphilusI’ll tell ye ladies— Oh, Trebasco! Good news at last, I hope.
618TrebascoI can never find you anywhere, but jeered and laughed at, and are fooled, (as I have often told you) to your worship’s face, and your worship perceives it not.
619AmphilusTo the point,*n8278
i.e. get to the point
man. How does my
whelp?†gg4145
puppy
He is grown a
tall†gs1370
well-grown; fine; valiant
dog by this, I hope;
resolve†gs1371
answer
me quickly.
620TrebascoWhy, to put you out of your
pain,†gs1372
suffering
your whelp’s grown a tall dog.
622JaneYou said you would tell us, sir; what will you tell us?
625JaneWhat a dog-trick*n8280
] Dog-trick’s
†gg5421
low trick; ill turn (OED)
is this?*n8279
Jane is annoyed with Trebasco for distracting Sir Amphilus from his story of the cobbler-poet.
626TrebascoAnd h’as learnt, besides the
main game,*n8281
i.e. the principal animals that might be hunted and/or the methods of hunting them.
all the
rare†gs895
exceptional; splendid
tricks†gs1374
stratagems, wiles (OED n, 1a); feats of dexterity (OED n, 5a)
and
qualities†gs1375
virtues, accomplishments
his tutor could teach.
628JaneWill you not tell us, sir, about your poet?
629AmphilusHang him, my dog’s worth ’em all in
ready†gs1376
in the form of cash for immediate payment
money.
631AmphilusI will not give his ears for
the swoln’st headful of wit*n8282
i.e. the most conceited poet
among ’em. Are not his ears finely curled, Trebasco?
Like his dam,†gs1377
mother
Flaps’s.*n8283
] Like his Dam Flapses (Flaps seems to be the name of the dog’s mother.)
632TrebascoYes, and his coat all over, sir, they told me.*n8284
In Hunger’s Prevention: Or, The Whole Art of Fowling by Water and Land (London, 1621), Gervase Markham describes a water-dog as follows:
your dog may be of any colour and yet excellent, and his hair in general would be long and curled, not loose and shagged; for the first shows hardness and ability to endure the water, the other much tenderness and weakness, making his sport grievous; his head would be round and curled, his ears broad and hanging, his eye full, lively and quick, his nose very short, his lip, hound-like, side and rough bearded, his chaps with a full set of strong teeth, and the general features of his whole countenance being united together would be as lion-like as might be, for that shows fierceness and goodness. His neck would be thick and short, his breast like the breast of a ship, sharp and compassed; his shoulders broad, his forelegs straight, his chin square, his buttocks round, his ribs compassed, his belly gaunt, his thighs brawny, his cambrels [upper parts of the hind leg] crooked, his pasterns strong and dew-clawed, and all his four feet spacious, full and round, and closed together to the clee [claw], like a water duck, for they being his oars to row him in the water, having that shape, will carry his body away the faster. (sig. F2v-F3r)
Markham also prints a picture of the properly groomed and shaved water-dog [IMAGEDM_3_2].
633AmphilusTold thee! Didst thou not see him? My heart
misgives me.*n8285
fills me with suspicion or foreboding (see OED misgive v, 1a)
634TrebascoSee him? No indeed, sir, but I pray bear it as well as you may, and set not your heart too much upon
transportable†gg5160
capable of being transported
things.
635AmphilusHa!†gg2643
a versatile exclamation which can express surprise, wonder, joy, suspicion, indignation, etc., depending on the speaker’s intonation (OED int, 1)
638TrebascoStol’n from school, sir, and sold to
a great Monsieur,*n8286
i.e. a French nobleman
and shipped away four days ago.
640JaneDo not faint, knight; cheer up your heart with your
muse.†gg560
(n) poetic inspiration
641AmphilusMy
vein†gs1378
talent, genius; characteristic style of language or expression (OED n, 11b)
is yet too
dull,†gs1379
slow, lacking wit
but I will
offer at†gg1329
make an attempt at; venture
it:
Three losses I have had; gone, past all help
My mare, my mistress, and (which grieves me most of all) my whelp.
642JaneThat line is long enough to reach him.*n8287
i.e. to reach the dog on the other side of the English channel.
643AmphilusI would it were else.*n8288
i.e. I wish that circumstances were different.
Oh!
644Bumpsey’Od’s pity!†gg4018
an exclamation meaning ‘for the pity of God’ (‘’od’ is a corruption of ‘God’, often found in oaths). Brome is fond of ‘’od’s pity’, using it in The Demoiselle, The Lovesick Court, The Northern Lass and The Sparagus Garden; it is not common elsewhere, although Shakespeare uses ‘’od’s pittikins’ in Cymbeline (4.2.293)
Look you, sir, your son-in-law, that should ha’ been, is in much passion too. But you’ll be ruled by me, you say, and if I lead you not to comfort, never trust neighbour’s counsel while you live. Is not this plain enough? My own
case†gg45
condition
at this time is as
dangerous†gs978
hazardous, risky, unsafe
as yours.
646BumpseyNeighbourly said, I thank you. Come, sir, will you join with your father-in-law that should ha’ been and me in a cup of wine
To order a design.*n8289
Although this is lined as prose in the octavo, it seems likely that Bumpsey here mimics Sir Amphilus’s poetic ‘vein’.
To part with such as you to some are
crosses,†gg5423
misfortunes, vexations
Yet I’ll not put you down among my losses.
[They] ex[it].*n8290
] Exeunt.
While they are gone, let us fall on our project.
651JaneFor courtly carriage and behaviour.
652MagdalenI long to see this French young schoolmistress.
The
damasin,*n8291
Magdalen appears to conflate demoiselle, damsel and, possibly, damson.
do you call her?
653JaneThe
demoiselle. I’ll wait on you.
[They] exit.*n8292
] Exit.
Edited by Lucy Munro